Thermodynamic analysis of the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of P3N5 has been performed using the method of the minimization of the Gibbs' free energy in order to evaluate the pH3-NH -N , PCI3-NH3-H2 and PBr3-NH3-H2 gaseous mixtures for their 3. 2 potential to synthesize slngle-phase P N films at high yields. The conditions for the 3 5 deposition of P3N5 have been determined as a function of i...

in this trial, the effect of different levels of echum amoneum (ea) (0.3, 30, 300 or 3000 µl) on in vitro ruminal fermentation characteristics and methane production was assessed. the parameters studied were in vitro gas production (ivgp), methane production, ammonia (nh3-n) concentration, in vitro organic matter degradability (ivomde), partitioning factor (pf) (the ratio of substrate truly deg...

Emissions of atmospheric ammonia–nitrogen (NH3-N, where NH3-N 1⁄4 (14/17)NH3) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from a commercial anaerobic swine waste treatment lagoon (17,150m at normal liquid level) were measured over a 1-year period. Continuous simultaneous measurements were made at the lagoon using a dynamic flow-through chamber system for 1 week during four seasons, October–November 2004 (fall),...

Pseudomonas putida for H2S and Arthrobacter oxydans for NH3 were immobilized with Ca-alginate and packed inside glass columns to form fluidized-bed bioreactors. The feasibility of the lab-scale bioreactor for the treatment of H2S or NH3 was examined. Phosphate salt, being added to the nutrient solution as buffer solution, may chelate with Ca2+ in the Ca-alginate beads, resulting in the disinteg...

The exchange of gaseous NH3 between the atmosphere and plants plays a pivotal role in controlling the global NH3 cycle. Photorespiration generates NH3 through oxygenation instead of carboxylation by the CO2-fixing enzyme, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO). The future increase in the atmospheric CO2 concentration, [CO2], is expected to reduce plant NH3 production by suppr...

A continuous wave, thermoelectrically cooled, distributed feedback quantum cascade laser (DFB-QCL) based sensor platform for the quantitative detection of ammonia (NH3) concentrations present in exhaled human breath is reported. The NH3 concentration measurements are performed with a 2f wavelength modulation quartz enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (QEPAS) technique, which is very well suited...

The detection of NH3 inversion lines up to the (J,K) = (6, 6) level is reported toward the central regions of the nearby galaxies NGC253, Maffei 2, and IC 342. The observed lines are up to 406K (for (J,K) = (6, 6)) and 848K (for the (9, 9) transition) above the ground state and reveal a warm (Tkin = 100 . . . 140K) molecular component toward all galaxies studied. The tentatively detected (J,K) ...

Vertically aligned carbon nanotube field emitters with 100 nm-dot array structure were fabricated using dc plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition, where dot catalysts were patterned by electron beam lithography. In order to optimize the growth condition of VACNTs, the morphologies of CNTs were investigated by changing gas ratio between NH3 and C2H2 gases. It was found that morphology of CNTs...

Using the NH3 (6,6) transition, which samples dense (∼ 10 ) molecular gas with an energy above ground of 412 K, we find hot gas at high velocities (–142 to –210 km s) associated with the central 2 pc of the Galactic center. This material may be either infalling gas due to shocks or tidal stripping, or possibly gas swept from the nuclear region. We identify two high-velocity features, which we c...

We present the rst detection of NH3 ice in the thermal infrared in Jupiter’s atmosphere using Cassini CIRS observations in the 10m region obtained on 31 December 2000 and 1 January 2001. We identify a brightness temperature di;erence ≡ TB(1040 cm−1) − TB(1060 cm−1) as an indicator of spectrally identi able NH3 ice, where 1040 cm−1 is an adjacent continuum region and 1060 cm−1 is the NH3 ice fea...