background and aims: accurate and rapid diagnosis is necessary for effective control and prevention of foot-and-mouth disease (fmd). in present study, was evaluated real time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rrt-pcr) assay along with diagnostic routine methods for the detection of all seven serotypes of fmd virus (fmdv), namely o, c, a, sat1, 2, 3 and asia 1 in biological sample...

coronary artery disease (cad) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in most countries. this disease is directly associated with increased low–density lipoprotein cholesterol (ldl-c) and is conversely associated with high–density lipoprotein cholesterol (hdl-c) concentrations. abca1 is the main exporter of phospholipid and cholesterol from cells to lipid-free or minimum lipid apolipoprot...

Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates of serotypes 1, 4, 6B, 7F, 14, and 19F belonging to clonal types with known invasive disease potential in humans were used to infect C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice. Most isolates were able to colonize the nasopharynx for 7 days. One serotype 19F isolate of the clonal type ST162 had higher bacterial numbers than other isolates and clonal types of the same serotype. Ser...

ADT is a simple tool in the spirit of Lex and Yacc that makes algebraic data types and a restricted form of pattern matching on those data types as found in SML available in C programs. ADT adds runtime checks, which make C programs written with the aid of ADT less likely to dereference a NULL pointer. The runtime tests may consume a significant amount of CPU time; hence they can be switched of...

We present CSolve, an automated verifier for C programs based on Liquid Type inference. We show how CSolve verifies memory safety through an example and describe its architecture and interface.

To the Editor: It has been shown that hepatitis C virus (HCV) is highly dependent on lipid metabolism, exploiting the host processes of cholesterol entry (1) and intracellular trafficking (2). The recent description of NiemannPick C1-like 1 (NPC1L1) protein as an entry factor for HCV to host cells (3), prompted us to report the following observation: A 57-year-old female Hispanic patient presen...

This is a short review of the Kadomtsev–Petviashvili hierarchies types $$\mathrm{B}$$ and $$\mathrm{C}$$ . The main objects are $$L$$ operator, wave auxiliary linear problems for function, bilinear identity tau function. All them discussed in paper. Connections with usual (type- $$\mathrm{A}$$ ) hierarchy clarified. Examples soliton solutions dispersionless limit also considered.