BACKGROUND To evaluate the prognostic value of E-cadherin, CD44, and MSH2 expression for colorectal cancer (CRC) and construct nomograms that can predict prognosis. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the expression of E-cadherin, CD44, and MSH2 in 223 paraffin-embedded stage II and III CRC specimens using immunohistochemistry in the training cohort. Their prognostic values were assessed usin...

OBJECTIVE To systematically review and create nomograms of flaccid and erect penile size measurements. METHODS Study key eligibility criteria: measurement of penis size by a health professional using a standard procedure; a minimum of 50 participants per sample. EXCLUSION CRITERIA samples with a congenital or acquired penile abnormality, previous surgery, complaint of small penis size or er...

Using a population-based cancer registry, Thuret et al. developed 3 nomograms for estimating cancer-specific mortality in men with penile squamous cell carcinoma. In the initial cohort, only 23.0% of the patients were treated with inguinal lymphadenectomy and had pN stage. To generalize the prediction models in clinical practice, we evaluated the performance of the 3 nomograms in a series of pe...

AIM To develop prognostic nomograms for predicting outcomes in patients with locally advanced rectal cancers who do not receive preoperative treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 883 patients with stage II-III rectal cancers were retrospectively collected from a single institution. Survival analyses were performed to assess each variable for overall survival (OS), local recurrence (LR) ...

OBJECTIVE The use of spirometric reference values specific to the population being tested is preferable. A study carried out in Puerto Rico is used here to develop nomograms for normal children and adolescents based on age and height, two variables that have been found to be good predictors of pulmonary function. MATERIAL AND METHODS The data for healthy individuals aged 5 to 18 were extracte...

BACKGROUND Almost all presently available pediatric echocardiography Z-score nomograms are based on Western data. They may not be a suitable reference standard for assessing the sizes of cardiac structures of children from developing countries. OBJECTIVE This study's objective was to collect normative data of 21 commonly measured cardiovascular structures using M-mode and two-dimensional echo...

BACKGROUND The available prognostic models for overall survival (OS) in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma (UC) have been derived from clinical trial populations of cisplatin-treated patients. OBJECTIVE To develop a new model based on real-world patients. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Individual patient-level data from 29 centers were collected, including metastatic UC and fi...

PURPOSE Circulating tumor cells (CTC) represent a new outcome-associated biomarker independent from known prognostic factors in metastatic breast cancer (MBC). The objective here was to develop and validate nomograms that combined baseline CTC counts and the other prognostic factors to assess the outcome of individual patients starting first-line treatment for MBC. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We used...