A cell signaling system is in a non-equilibrium state, and it includes multistep biochemical signaling cascades (BSCs), which involve phosphorylation of signaling molecules, such as mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. In this study, the author considered signal transduction description using information thermodynamic theory. The ideal BSCs can be considered one type of the Szilard...

Coulomb corrections to the equation of state of degenerate matter are usually described by Debye-Hückel theory; however, recent studies have considered modifications of thermodynamic quantities which are caused by the interactions of charged particles beyond the Debye-Hückel approximation. Based on the weakly-coupled plasma limit, the formulae for the physical properties of non-ideal effects on...

The renormalization group is not only a powerful method for describing universal properties of phase transitions but it is also useful for evaluating non-universal thermodynamic properties beyond meanfield theory. In this contribution we concentrate on these latter aspects of the renormalization group approach. We introduce its main underlying ideas in the familiar context of the ideal Bose gas...

The dynamical Casimir effect for the ideal case of two perfectly conducting non-charged parallel plates, is discussed using the zero-point energy summation method to the first order in perturbation theory. We show that it is possible to create photon radiation when the two plates are modulated rapidly in time. Moreover we point out that the static Casimir energy between two conducting non-charg...

In this research, the activity of MnO, produced during steel making in aluminate-rich slags, was investigated. According to thermodynamic equations and mathematical calculation, a series of relations was obtained for evaluation of oxide activity using Masson’s theory. The obtained relations were solved according to Levenberg- Marquardt method and using Matlab software. The results were correlat...

The remarkable kinetic slowdown experienced by liquids as they are cooled toward their glass transition is not accompanied by any obvious structural change. Understanding the origin of this behavior is a major scientific challenge. At present, this area of condensed matter theory is characterized by an abundance of divergent viewpoints that attempt to describe well-defined physical phenomena. W...

LiF-UF 4 is a key binary system for molten fluoride reactor technology, which has not been scrutinized as thoroughly the closely related LiF-ThF system. The phase diagram equilibria in are explored this work with X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). short-range ordering salt solution moreover surveyed Extended Absorption Fine Structure spectroscopy (EXAFS) interp...

Multi-objective genetic algorithms (GAs) are used for Pareto approach optimization of thermodynamic cycle of ideal turbojet engines. On this behalf, a new diversity preserving algorithm is proposed to enhance the performance of multi-objective evolutionary algorithms (MOEAs) in optimization problems with more than two objective functions. The important conflicting thermodynamic objectives that ...