The temperamental style of behavioral inhibition has been characterized by exaggerated behavioral and neural responses to cues signaling threat. Virtually no work, however, has addressed whether behavioral inhibition may also confer heightened brain activation in response to positively valenced incentives. We used event-related functional MRI (fMRI) and a monetary incentive delay task to examin...

In Germany construction projects are based on traditional contracts with competitive bidding, which do not support collaboration. The behavior of non-cooperation results in a mass of claims and problems by the final inspection up to legal proceedings. Furthermore, the complex and dynamic environment as well as the asymmetric information between the participants of a construction project lead to...

To review research evidence on the effectiveness of monetary incentives in modifying dietary behavior, we conducted a systematic review of randomized, controlled trials (RCTs) identified from electronic bibliographic databases and reference lists of retrieved relevant articles. Studies eligible for inclusion met the following criteria: RCT comparing a form of monetary incentive with a comparati...

a r t i c l e i n f o Keywords: Material transfer agreements Payment for ecosystem services Non-monetary payment Moral satisfaction Probit with endogenous regressors This paper uses econometric analysis for understanding the determinants that affect the payment mechanism in material transfer agreements (MTAs). These contracts regulate the exchange of peculiar ecosystem services (genetic and bio...

Almost a third of US children ages 2-19 are deemed overweight or obese, and part of the problem is the habitual decision to consume high calorie, low nutrient foods. We propose that the school lunchroom provides a ‘teachable moment’ to engage children in making healthful choices. We conduct a field experiment with over 1,500 participants in grades K-8 and evaluate the impact of small non-moneta...

Corporate governance is importantly based on agency theory and relies on extrinsic incentives to align the interests of managers, employees and shareholders. This article argues that in view of recent corporate scandals, private governance can learn from public governance: (1) Goaloriented intrinsic motivation of agents should be supported by fixed incomes and an extensive selection process of ...

It is becoming widely accepted that the digitization of healthcare, constructed around a core foundation of electronic health records, is inevitable (American Reinvestment and Recovery Act, 2009). The capture of digital personal health data is expected to drive efficiency, quality of care, and enhanced clinical discovery; culminating in a vision of the future where medical care is tailored to i...

In this study, we contribute to a longstanding research agenda on the distinctions between public and private sectors by examining whether work effort differs settings, testing ways that sector-specific incentives can address such differences. We extend existing developing an advanced psychomotor vigilance task examines multi-dimensional performance (speed accuracy) in laboratory experiment. Dr...

BACKGROUND Work capacity correlates weakly to disease concepts, which in turn are insufficient to explain sick leave behavior. With data mainly from Sweden, a welfare state with high sickness absence rates, our aim was to develop an explanatory theory of how to understand and deal with work absence and sick leave. METHODS We used classic grounded theory for analyzing data from >130 interviews...