Purpose: Since independence, the Government of Kenya has pursued many objectives, one being economic growth. Over previous few years, government expenditure been developing faster than GDP Infrastructure, components public spending, also experienced tremendous growth in spending and development, which not directly reflected rate. Following such situation, it calls for analyzing impact that infr...

The signal-in-space (SIS) anomaly of BeiDou navigation satellite system (BDS) is an important factor affecting its high accuracy SIS quality assessment. Detecting and eliminating not only method to build fault model BDS, but also helps guarantee the integrity BDS positioning. Based on problem that traditional empirical threshold cannot accurately identify start end times anomalies in detection,...

The objective of this study is to identify the impact trade liberalization on economic growth in Japan. Annual data are utilized from 1985 2016 via Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL) Cointegration test and Vector Error Correction (VECM) based Granger causality. findings unit root tests revealed that all variables mixed results whereby they integrated at I(0) I(1) could proceed ARDL tes...

This study investigates the response of Chinese stock returns to oil prices amidst COVID-19 pandemic using both linear and nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) models. The results indicate that price Global Fear Index ( GFI ), respectively, affect positively negatively in short run. While asymmetry matters, do not respond changes long

In this study the prime objective is to initiate autoregressive distributed lag transformation for exchange rate and trade balance avoid possible existence of multicollinearity among explanatory variables analyze variation in real its impact on Pakistan. The Koyck model was used studying immediate long run relationship between by using time series annual data ranging from 1981 2021. result show...

The chronic government deficit (fiscal deficit) and increase in the price level (inflation) have become major concerns for economists policymakers. While numerous studies examined twin problems of fiscal inflation both developed developing economies, their results are inconclusive due to different estimation techniques, chosen time periods, selection variables, etc. Therefore, we deficit-inflat...