Seismic images and the geologic information they provide contribute significantly to our understanding of the earth’s subsurface. In this thesis, I focus on methods relevant for constructing and interpreting seismic images, including methods for velocity estimation, seismic imaging, and interpretation, which together address key aspects of reflection seismic data processing. Specifically, I pro...

Tomography in the post-migrated domain is quickly becoming the standard approach for obtaining velocities in complex areas. The standard flow to update the velocity through tomography in the post-migrated domain begins by migrating the data using some initial velocity model. This migration method can be Kirchhoff (Etgen, 1990), downward continuation methods (Clapp, 2001b; Mosher et al., 2001), ...

Separating P-P and P-SV waves can sometimes be a difficult task for multicomponent data. Simple FK filtering methods do not perform suitably if the moveout trajectory is similar for different events. Here the least-squares migration filtering (LSMF) method is modified to separate P-P and P-SV waves recorded in multicomponent CDP data set. We exploit the property that different wave types have d...

A practical implementation of azimuth moveout (AMO) must be both computationally efficient and accurate. We achieve computational efficiency by parameterizing the AMO operator with the help of a transformed midpoint coordinate system. To achieve accuracy, the AMO operator needs to be carefully designed for antialiasing. We propose a modified version of Hale’s antialiasing algorithm, which switc...

The computation of a dynamic displacement field between pairs of seismic traces has numerous geophysical applications including the estimation of displacement vectors in time lapse seismic, Pto S-wave image registration and residual moveout correction. In this paper, I present a cross-correlation based methodology for the estimation of small time displacements between signals followed by stretc...