The behavior of agents in multi-agent systems is hard to control without restricting the agents’ autonomy. Normative organizations have been deployed successfully to deal with this. A core requirement of a normative organization is that norm violations can be observed and dealt with. Due to the distributed nature of multi-agent systems it is often fitting that this is done decentrally. In this ...

This paper argues for a radically different approach to normative function than the dominant etiological account, an approach with a broader explanatory agenda. Concepts of biological function address two related but distinct issues: understanding biological organisms as complex organized systems, and understanding the way in which parts have come to be present in organisms because of their ada...

introduction: one of the most important duties of manager is to organize and maintain enterprise systems. managers are responsible for the amount and type of employee commitment to the values of organization. committed and loyal workforces have significant impact on health service delivery in health organization. the purpose of this study was to identify average of three dimensions of commitmen...

Comparison of normative data between gait analysis services offers the potential to harmonise data collection protocols. This paper presents a method for such a comparison based on an assumption that the root mean square difference from the inter-service mean is a reflection of systematic differences in protocols and that the average standard deviation includes a component attributable to withi...

The standard Engineer-Lawyer problem (Kahneman & Tversky, 1973) points to the failure of reasoners to integrate mentioned base-rate information in arriving at likelihood estimates. Research in this area nevertheless has presupposed that participants respect complementarity (i.e., participants ensure that competing estimates add up to 100%). A survey of the literature leads us to doubt this pre-...

The economic upheaval of a country is one the reasons for formation an international organization, namely European Union. goal Union itself to promote through community harmonious, sustainable development activity, steady improvement, rapid improvement living standards, quality life and closer relations between member states. This research has problem formulation consisting transformation EU la...

This paper argues for a radically different approach to normative function than the dominant etiological account, an approach with a broader explanatory agenda. Concepts of biological function address two related but distinct issues: understanding biological organisms as complex organized systems, and understanding the way in which parts have come to be present in organisms because of their ada...

In this study, on the basis of a systematic analysis regulatory regulation features organization public power in federal territory, cooperation with special legal regimes certain types economic activity, foundations for formation advantages labor sectors economy are revealed. Accordingly, very determine activity that allow rational which itself becomes distinctive feature distinguishing it from...

Leadership Studies is a new interdisciplinary field of Organization Studies that is growing at a steady rate all over the world. Leadership studies are seen as a branch of Management and Organization Sciences despite its philosophical roots that can be traced back to Plato’s philosophical writings such as Laws, Politics, or The Republic. Starting from Burns’ seminal book, Leadership (1978), and...