This paper documents an increasing intergenerational income persistence in China since economic reforms were introduced 1979. The elasticity increases from 0.390 for the 1970–1980 birth cohort to 0.442 1981–1988 cohort; this increase is more evident among urban and coastal residents than rural inland residents. We also explore how changes correlated with market reforms, development, policy chan...

The absolute configuration of the title compound, C(12)H(15)NO(7)·0.5H(2)O, was assigned from the synthesis. There are two rhamnoside mol-ecules and one water mol-ecule in the asymmetric unit, displaying O-H⋯O hydrogen bonding. One of the nitro groups does not conjugate efficiently with the benzene ring.

This paper provides evidence against the argument that the rich prevent the poor from obtaining public education in unequal developing democracies. In Brazilian municipalities with low median incomes, voters are significantly less likely to reelect incumbent candidates from parties that increased the number of local public primary schools during their terms. This is not true for municipalities ...

Inequality and Growth in Rural China: Does Higher Inequality Impede Growth? We explore the relationship between the level of village inequality in 1986, and the subsequent growth of household incomes from 1986 to 1999. Using a detailed householdlevel data set from rural China, we find robust evidence that initial inequality is negatively related to subsequent household income growth. We are abl...

The Preference for Larger Cities in China: Evidence from Rural-Urban Migrants China has long aimed to restrict population growth in large cities but encourages growth in small and medium-sized cities. At the same time, various government policies favor large cities. We conjecture that larger cities in China have more urban amenities and a better quality of life. We thus predict that a typical r...

ObjectiveEvaluate the Montana Cook Fresh Leadership Institute (MCF) for K-12 school nutrition staff, offered virtually due to COVID-19 restrictions.Use of Theory or ResearchThe MCF curriculum was developed using a participatory approach from Team Nutrition professionals, and state-level administration include evidence-based materials learning strategies.Target AudienceTwenty-two professionals 9...