Oak is the most important forest tree in Kurdistan province (Iran). Fungi are associated with oak trees as parasite, saprophyte and endophyte. The endophytic fungi are known components of biodiversity and have beneficial effects on host plants. During 2012-13 in a survey on endophytic fungi of oak trees in forest regions of Kurdistan province asymptomatic samples were collected from healthy twi...

Acute Oak Decline (AOD) is complex syndrome affecting Britain’s keystone native oak species, (Quercus robur L. and Q. petraea (Matt.) Liebl.), in some cases causing mortality within five years of symptom development. The most distinguishable weeping stem lesions, from which four species bacteria have been isolated: Brenneria goodwinii, Gibbsiella quercinecans, Lonsdalea britannica Rahnella vict...

Twenty-five coast live oaks (Quercus agrifolia) ranging in size from 15 to 100 cm (diameter at breast height), transplanted to accommodate housing developments at three different sites in Calabasas, Calif., were studied for 3 to 4 years after boxing. Transplanted trees, plus 15 native control trees, were monitored quarterly. Water potential, shoot and root growth, and visual condition were meas...

Describing long-term dynamics in oak stands is hindered by a lack of archival data. In this study, archival data from the 1934 inventory of a 673ha area within the Sylamore Experimental Forest were compared to a recent 2002 inventory to quantify changes in forest structure and species composition of this upland oak forest in the Ozark Mountains of Arkansas. When established in 1934, the Sylamor...

spatio-temporal variability of throughfall (tf) has an important role on the biogeochemical processes,soil, watershed hydrology as well as the nutrient cycle in forests. spatial distribution and temporalstability of tf patterns by five individual persian oak trees (quercus brantii var. persica) in thezagros forests of western iran, ilam, was quantified. sixteen tf manual gauges were placed bene...

A spatially explicit forest succession and disturbance model is used to delineate the extent and dispersion of oak decline under two fire regimes over a 150-year period. The objectives of this study are to delineate potential current and future oak decline areas using species composition and age structure data in combination with ecological land types, and to investigate how relatively frequent...

The decline of oak stands is a phenomenon that has been observed since the beginning 20th century in many European countries. It can be caused both with abiotic factors such as drought and fluctuations groundwater levels, well biotic infestations by insects, fungi bacteria. Acute Oak Decline (AOD) an dangerous disease trees which was first XX century. From moment symptoms were noticed, able to ...

There is often an inverse relationship between the diversity of a plant community and the invasibility of that community by non-native plants. Native herbivores that colonize novel plants may contribute to diversity-invasibility relationships by limiting the relative success of non-native plants. Here, we show that, in large collections of non-native oak trees at sites across the USA, non-nativ...

Permanent plot records ranging from 13 to 42 years in duration were used to study understory development in four upland oak forests in Massachusetts and New York. All tracts have a dense understory of shade-tolerant species dominated by red maple (Acer rubrum L.) but sparse representation of oak saplings. Mortality rates for red maple have been low compared to other species, and maples have inc...