The Human Development Report for the Arab States in 2002 indicates that the Human Development Index (HDI) for 1998 is estimated to be 0.72, setting the country in the medium level of the HDI category. Although Jordan is a lower middle-income country with a GNP/per capita of US$1,500 (1999 World Development Indicators; World Development Report 2000/2001 World Bank, Washington), poverty is consid...

The 2010 BP Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill damaged thousands of km2 of intertidal marsh along shorelines that had been experiencing elevated rates of erosion for decades. Yet, the contribution of marsh oiling to landscape-scale degradation and subsequent land loss has been difficult to quantify. Here, we applied advanced remote sensing techniques to map changes in marsh land cover and open w...

A key factor that determines the price of olive oil is its sensory profile. The International Olive Council (IOC) establishes four quality categories and a method to classify a sample of olive oil into one category, depending on its sensory characteristics. To do so, a taster panel is rigorously trained to provide the intensity perceived on a 10-cm scale for each organoleptic characteristic. Th...

Understanding the sources and quantities of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is critical to developing an emissions inventory that accurately represents various oil and gas industry segment operations. To address this, the American Petroleum Institute (API) formed a Greenhouse Gas Emissions Methodology Working Group. The working group’s objectives were to review, summarize and recommend methodolo...

This paper describes FrameNet (Lowe et al., 1997; Baker et al., 1998; Fillmore et al., 2002), an online lexical resource for English based on the principles of frame semantics (Fillmore, 1977a; Fillmore, 1982; Fillmore and Atkins, 1992), and considers the FrameNet database in reference to the proposed ISO model for linguistic annotation of language resources (ISO TC37 SC4 )(ISO, 2002; Ide and R...

This paper presents a batch classifier that splits dataset into tree branches depending on the category type. It has been improved from earlier version and fixed mistake in paper. Two important changes have made. The first is to represent each with separate classifier. Each then classifies its own subset of data rows, using input values create centroid also itself. If contains more than one how...