Aim. To report the management and orthograde technique of MTA placement in case of reverse architecture maxillary premolars. Summary. Two cases of 17-year-old and 21-year-old female patients were referred to endodontic speciality for management of maxillary premolar having reverse architecture with wide immature open apex like a bell mouth. In both the cases, after control of intraradicular inf...

Dens invagination (DI) is a developmental abnormality of teeth which frequently results in a complex internal anatomy of the root canal system. DI type 3 is an anomaly characterized by infolding of enamel and dentin extending into the root apex. This may present difficulties when forming a diagnosis and treatment plan. Many treatment modalities have been presented in case reports for DI type 3,...

INTRODUCTION Cholesterol granulomas (CGs) are rare benign cystic lesions containing cholesterol crystals in a gluelike fluid and are frequently found in the petrous apex (PA) and in the nearby anatomical area. The gold standard treatment of PA CG counts on its surgical drainage and ventilation to prevent recurrence. Different surgical approaches have been described in the past to achieve draina...

Forward blowing from a pair of plasma actuators on the leeward surface and near the apex is used to switch the asymmetric vortex pair over a cone of semi-apex angle 10 at high angles of attack. The experiments were perfomed in a 3.0 m×1.6 m open-circuit wind tunnel at Reynolds number of 5×10 and 10 based on the cone base diameter. Pressure measurements show that by appropriate design of the act...

The absence of a natural apical constriction in permanent tooth makes endodontic treatment a challenge. Traditionally, calcium hydroxide was used for inducing the formation of an apical barrier. Currently, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) has shown promising results for apexification procedures. In an open apex, it is imperative to limit the MTA placement within the confines of the root canal f...

A graph is apex if there is a vertex whose deletion makes the graph planar, and doublecross if it can be drawn in the plane with only two crossings, both incident with the infinite region in the natural sense. In 1966, Tutte [9] conjectured that every two-edge-connected cubic graph with no Petersen graph minor is three-edge-colourable. With Neil Robertson, two of us showed that this is true in ...

Previous studies suggest that the laminar architecture of left ventricular myocardium may be critical for normal ventricular mechanics. However, systolic three-dimensional deformation of the laminae has never been measured. Therefore, end-systolic finite strains relative to end diastole, from biplane radiography of transmural markers near the apex and base of the anesthetized open-chest canine ...

Objective(s): The purpose of the present study was the immunohistochemical evaluation of VEGF and VII factors in dog’s teeth pulp revascularized with MTA and propolis. Materials and Methods: 144 mature and immature two rooted dog’s premolar canals were selected.  Pulp necrosis and infection were established after 2 weeks and the disinfection of the canals was done with copious NaOCl irrigation ...