Substance use of disorders--including alcohol, cocaine, and opiod dependencies--are common in HIV-infected patients. Untreated substance use disorders result in poor HIV disease treatment outcomes; however, several new treatment strategies have emerged in recent years. Combined medication and counseling therapies are effective for alcohol and opioid dependencies, and counseling treatments are e...

Recently it has been revealed that some agents that are not able to interact with opioid receptors play an important role in regulating the pharmacological actions of opioids. Especially, some of them show biphasic modulation on opioid functions, which enhance opioid analgesia, but inhibit tolerance to and substance dependence on opioids. We would like to call these agents which do not interact...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Anesthesiologists are the majority in impaired-physician programs that assist physicians who abuse psychoactive substances. The aim of this paper is to show a descriptive study about the clinical and sociodemographic profile of a sample of chemically dependent anesthesiologists treated in a reference program. In addition, the objective is to cite the psychiatric comorb...

conclusions a modified tool to assess methadone treatment response serves to identify patients at high-risk for relapse at a minimal cost, as well as evaluate the relevant physical and psycho-social domains affecting opioid-dependent patients. the great will serve as a useful adjunct to regular clinical assessments, allowing clinicians and researchers to properly assess opioid addiction patient...

Abstract Objective To examine prevalence, demographic, and incident factors associated with opioid-positivity in Illinois suicide decedents who died by causes other than poisoning. Method Cross-sectional study of Illinois’ occurring between January 2015 December 2017. Data come from the National Violent Death Reporting System. We used Chi-square tests to compare decedent circumstance characteri...

Aims of the present investigation were: (i) to assess the prevalence of current smokers and relative smoking status among a large number of heroin addicts attending opioid-substitution therapy prevalence; (ii) to evaluate the relationship between the type (methadone, buprenorphine) and dosage of opioid substitution therapy and nicotine dependence. Three hundred and five (305) heroin addicts und...

Background Despite abundant research demonstrating good efficacy, pharmacotherapies for substance use disorders are underutilized. Buprenorphine holds promise to significantly increase the availability of medication-assisted therapy for opioid use disorder; yet despite dramatic increases in overdose deaths driven largely by prescription opioid use, only about half of DATA-waivered physicians pr...

The misuse of opioid containing pharmaceuticals is of growing global concern. It is driven by a host of factors, including marketing strategies, inappropriate prescribing, public perceptions of safety, access to other illicit sources, self-medication of pain and recreational popularity. [1-6]Opioid use is commonly associated with lower educational attainment, unemployment, disability, comorbidi...

BACKGROUND The substances abuse has become one of the major public health problems of present society. Recently there has been an increase in the incidence of substance abuse including that of opioids throughout the world. The proper assessment of the current trends and pattern of opioid abuse can be helpful in more effective intervention of this menace. MATERIALS AND METHODS To find out vari...

BACKGROUND This paper compares adolescents with primary opioid problem use (OPU) to those with primary marijuana or alcohol problem use (MAPU) who received up to six months of Adolescent Community Reinforcement Approach (A-CRA), an empirically supported treatment. METHODS Intake clinical characteristics, treatment implementation measures, and clinical outcomes of two substance problem groups ...