This paper provides new evidence on the impact of private property rights and employer-provided housing on entrepreneurship. I find an increase in self-employment following a reform in urban China that allowed state employees who were renting state-owned housing the opportunity to buy their homes at subsidized prices. I develop a model of job choice to test two mechanisms that might explain how...

This paper highlights three aspects in order to assist understanding of ethical entrepreneurship. First, it points out that ethical considerations enter at the individual and macro level of society, to impact on the running of business. Second, ethical imperatives are examined within a constrained entrepreneurship framework. Operating ethically presents opportunity albeit within constraint. Thi...

F rank Knight (1921) proposed that we should not think of entrepreneurship as simply investment under risk, where decisions are made with respect to an objectively known distribution of returns. He argued that entrepreneurship in such a world would not require any particular skill and it would be inconceivable that entrepreneurs could earn rents simply for bearing objective risk as a market sho...

We report on the prevalence and patterns of non-farm enterprises in six sub-Saharan African countries, and study their performance in terms of labor productivity, survival and exit, using the World Bank's Living Standards Measurement Study - Integrated Surveys on Agriculture (LSMS-ISA). Rural households operate enterprises due to both push and pull factors and tend to do so predominantly in eas...

Purpose – In 2008, the world had undergone a global economic crisis. Since women always face greater difficulties in obtaining capital than men, the economic crisis had a greater effect on them. The purpose of this paper is to examine the implications of the global crisis for women’s entrepreneurship, from the perspective of equality, diversity and inclusion. Design/methodology/approach – The p...

In the relevant literature, there has been a lack of discussion to focus particularly on the relationship between entrepreneurship and international trade. It is more restricted when one intends to seek an interaction between international trade and the indexes of the 3A approach of entrepreneurship, including entrepreneurial attitude, activities and aspirations which are collected from Global ...

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Why are intentions interesting to those who care about new venture formation? Entrepreneurship is a way of thinking, a way of thinking that emphasizes opportunities over threats. The opportunity identification process is clearly an intentional process, and, therefore, entrepreneurial intentions clearly merit our attention. Equally important, they offer a means to better explai...