introduction: elevated intracranial pressure (icp) is a major and potentially lethal disorder in patients admitted to the emergency department (ed). several methods are being used to investigate for elevated icp. here we assessed and compared the diagnostic accuracy of two existing tools of ophthalmoscopy and optic nerve ultrasonography in detection of elevated icp. methods: 131 participants wi...

AIMS To demonstrate the quantitative distribution of mitochondrial enzymes within the human optic nerve and retina in relation to the pathogenesis of ophthalmic disease. METHODS Enucleations were performed at the time of multiple organ donation and the optic nerve and peripapillary retina immediately excised en bloc and frozen. Reactivities of the mitochondrial enzymes cytochrome c oxidase an...

Understanding species intraocular parameters using computed tomography (CT) scanning is initial and crucial step in ophthalmology. There a lack of studies that have specialized estimating the cattle pig eyes CT scans. Therefore, this study aimed to describe anatomical features its internal structures. Animal heads not suffer from any diseases related eye were disarticulated. scan was performed....

introduction: timely diagnosis and treatment of post traumatic, elevated intracranial pressure (eicp), could reduce morbidity and mortality, as well as improve patients’ outcome. this study is trying to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of sonographic optic nerve sheath diameter (onsd) in detection of eicp. methods: sonographic onsd of patients with head trauma or cerebrovascular accident suspic...

Patients with progressive blindness resulting from bony proliferative diseases such as osteopetrosis may benefit from optic canal decompression. A radiologic technique is described whereby the practicality of surgical optic canal widening is evaluated preoperatively using the intrathecal water-soluble contrast agent lopamidol. Conceptually, if a patient who is losing vision demonstrates a block...

BACKGROUND Serum autoantibodies that cross-react with glycosaminoglycans have been proposed to play a significant role in specific tissue injury in patients with systemic autoimmune diseases. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether serum immunoreactivity to glycosaminoglycans is present in patients with glaucoma who have aberrant serum autoantibodies to DNA, RNA, nuclear proteins, or retinal protein...

purpose: to describe causes of low vision and blindness in patients referred for low vision aids to rehabilitation clinics at shahid beheshti medical university during 2005. methods: visual acuity was classified to five groups based on best-corrected visual acuity (bcva) in the better eye according to world health organization (who) criteria and by using standard snellen chart which included mi...

PURPOSE The mechanisms that trigger ganglion cell death in ischemic retinal diseases are not clearly understood. Using a mouse optic nerve ligation model, the objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that extracellular matrix (ECM) modulating plasminogen activators (PAs) potentiate ganglion cell loss. METHODS Optic nerve ligation was performed to initiate ganglion cell loss in the r...