Abstract In an earlier analysis of strong variation algorithms for optimal control problems with endpoint inequality constraints, Mayne and Polak provided conditions under which accumulation points satisfy a condition requiring certain optimality function, used in the to generate search directions, be nonnegative all controls. The aim this paper is clarify nature condition, we call first-order ...

Recent evidence suggests that yeast genes encoding proteins that are present in the same protein complex tend to be linked and to be co-expressed. More generally, we found that genes that are close to each other in the protein interaction network tend to be linked more often than expected and are often co-expressed. Unexpectedly, we found that linked genes in network proximity have unusually hi...

A dynamic partial order reduction (DPOR) algorithm is optimal when it always explores at most one representative per Mazurkiewicz trace. Existing literature suggests that the reduction obtained by the non-optimal, state-of-the-art Source-DPOR (SDPOR) algorithm is comparable to optimal DPOR. We show the first program with O(n) Mazurkiewicz traces where SDPOR explores O(2 n) redundant schedules a...

Abstract In this paper, an online optimization approach of a fractional-order PID controller based on actor-critic algorithm (FOPID-FOAC) is proposed. The proposed FOPID-FOAC scheme exploits the advantages FOPID and FOAC approaches to improve performance nonlinear systems. built by developing FO-based learning for neural network with adaptive rates. Moreover, FO rectified linear unit (RLU) intr...