the power supply of remote sites and applications at minimal cost and with low emissions is an important issue when discussing future energy concepts. this paper presents modeling and optimization of a photovoltaic (pv)/wind/diesel system with batteries storage for electrification to an off-grid remote area located in rafsanjan, iran. for this location, different hybrid systems are studied and ...

The present paper introduces an analytical approach for integrating distributed energy resources (DERs) and battery storage systems (BESSs) into power grids. given method aims to simultaneously identify optimal buses capacities of DERs BESSs, with regard the responsive load demand along stochastic nature wind turbine (WT) photovoltaic (PV) units, then minimize losses improve voltage profiles. F...

the aim of this paper is to present an efficient method for a rail freight car fleet sizing problem. this problem is modeled mathematically as a multi-period, dynamic and multi-objective, in which the rail freight wagons are assumed to be heterogeneous. demands for different wagons and all travel times are assumed deterministic. in order to increase the utilization of the available wagons in th...

In this paper, we consider non-uniform wire-sizing. Given a wire segment of length L, let f(x) be the width of the wire at position x, 0 x L. We show that the optimal wire-sizing function that minimizes the Elmore delay through the wire is f(x) = ae ?bx , where a > 0 and b > 0 are constants that can be computed in O(1) time. In the case where lower bound (L > 0) and upper bound (U > 0) on the w...

Optimal placement and sizing of DG in distribution network is an optimization problem with continuous and discrete variables. Many researchers have used evolutionary methods for finding the optimal DG placement and sizing. This paper proposes a hybrid algorithm PSO&HBMO for optimal placement and sizing of distributed generation (DG) in radial distribution system to minimize the total power loss...

design and expansion of distribution systems seems inevitable in view of the need to satisfy the rise in energy consumption in a technical and economical way. optimal location, sizing and determining the service area of substations is one of the principle problems in expansion of distribution systems. also uncertainty is one of the important factors that increase risk of exact decision makings....