A nickel catalyst to be used for internal steam reforming in a molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) must be resistant to the alkali components (Li and K species) of the electrolyte; these components can reach the catalyst from the anode by either transport via the vapor phase or by means of surface creep along the walls. In a series of experiments for determining the rates of transport, it was fou...

The interplay between the solubility, structure and chemical composition of calcium (alkali) aluminosilicate hydrate (C-(N,K-)A-S-H) equilibrated at 50 °C is investigated in this paper. The tobermorite-like C-(N,K-)A-S-H products are more crystalline in the presence of alkalis, and generally have larger basal spacings at lower Ca/Si ratios. Both Na and K are incorporated into the interlayer spa...

A nine-member, mixed, cellulolytic, bacterial culture was used to evaluate the effects of sodium hydroxide normality, length and temperature of treatment, and the ratio of volume of alkali to mesquite wood on the suitability of alkali mesquite wood extractives as nutrients for bacterial growth. The presence or absence of air during the extraction process did not significantly affect results. Th...

Petrography and physicomechanical properties of alkali granites, alkali quartz syenite, and nepheline syenite from Ambela, NW Pakistan, have been investigated. Whereas the alkali quartz syenite and most of the alkali granites are megaporphyritic, the nepheline syenite and some of the alkali granites are microporphyritic. Their phenocryst shape and size and abundance of groundmass are also diffe...

The results of our infrared reflectance studies of single and mixed alkali borate glasses are reviewed and discussed in the context of the network structure and the interactions between alkali cations and their sites in the glass. In particular, we focus on the strong influence of the alkali cation type, content, and alkali subsitution on the structure of the network building units. The dominan...

The conversion of the cellulose into 5-HMF would experience three steps, cellulose to glycose, glycose to fructose and fructose to 5-HMF. Chloride ion can break down the hydrogen bond in cellucose, chromium can catalyze the isomerization of glycose to fructose, and the high temperature is helpful to cyclohydration of fructose to 5-HMF. In this paper, the sawdust has been directly degraded i...

Managing the rapidly changing saline-alkali land under cultivation in the coastal areas of China is important not only for mitigating the negative impacts of such land on the environment, but also for ensuring long-term sustainability of agriculture. In this light, setting up rapid monitoring systems to assist decision-making in developing sustainable management plans is therefore an absolute n...