Table 2: Example of Contingency Table where = the number of examples covered by Rule R that are in Class C. = the number of examples covered by Rule R that are not in Class C. = the number of examples not covered by Rule R that are in Class C. = the number of examples covered by neither Rule R or Class C. = total number of examples covered by rule R. = total number of examples not covered rule ...

A measure of association is row-size invariant if it is unaffected by the mutliplication of all entries in a row of a cross-classification table by a same positive number. It is class-size invariant if it is unaffected by the mutliplication of all entries in a class (i.e., a row or a column). We prove that every class-size invariant measure of association assigns to each m×n cross-classificatio...

This paper focuses on how statistical independence can be observed in a contingency table when the table is viewed as a matrix. Statistical independence in a contingency table is represented as a special form of linear dependence, where all the rows or columns are described by one row or column, respectively.

Abstract We present multiple factor analysis for contingency tables (MFACT) and its implementation in the FactoMineR package. This method, through an option of the MFA function, allows us to deal with multiple contingency or frequency tables, in addition to the categorical and quantitative multiple tables already considered in previous versions of the package. Thanks to this revised function, e...

The American architect Louis Sullivan once proclaimed ‘‘Form follows function.’’ We tested this maxim by obtaining random samples of four types of buildings, obtaining samples from three countries of respondents unacquainted with the buildings sampled, and asking the respondents to guess which function went with which building. If form follows function, it would enhance legibility, presumably i...

We deal with contingency table data that are used to examine the relationships between a set of categorical variables or factors. We assume that such relationships can be adequately described by the conditional independent structure imposed by an undirected graphical model. If the contingency table is large, a desirable simplified interpretation can be achieved by combining some categories, or ...