External apical root resorption (ARR) is a common iatrogenic consequence of orthodontic treatment. One of the aims of this article is to present a brief overview of the literature, including; diagnosis and etiology, with emphasis on orthodontic forces to facilitate an understand of the prevention or management of ARR in orthodontic patients. We also present a long-term follow-up observation of ...

OBJECTIVE To assess and compare the severity of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need among young Saudis receiving free treatment at public dental practices versus those paying for treatment at private practices. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective study evaluated the records of 300 patients (179 females, 121 males; age 13-21 years) treated at orthodontic clinics from 2013 through ...

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to evaluate the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics in undergraduate students in the People's Republic of China and to investigate the association between normal orthodontic treatment needs, psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics, and desire for orthodontic treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out in two universit...

Awareness of the need of the society for orthodontic treatments is of great importance for the comprehensive health planning and dental insurance purposes. The objective of the present study was to determine the need and demand for orthodontic treatment in 13to 14-year-old students in Kermanshah, in 2012.In this cross-sectional study, 600 13to 14-year-old students of either gender of Kermanshah...

Few studies involving human participants have been conducted to investigate the effect of orthodontic treatment on alveolar bone density around the teeth. Our previous study revealed that patients who received 6 months of active orthodontic treatment exhibited an ∼24% decrease in alveolar bone density around the teeth. However, after an extensive retention period following orthodontic treatment...

Orthodontic treatment is a common dental procedure in developed countries. However, the frequency and factors associated with treatment demand are different between countries. The aim of this study was to examine the frequency of orthodontic treatment in German children and adolescents and to analyse the influence of age, gender, and socio-economic status (SES; education and region) on the freq...

The bone remodeling process involved in orthodontic tooth movement consists of bone resorption on the compression side and bone formation on the tension side of the teeth. Osteoclasts play an important role in bone remodeling and are necessary for orthodontic tooth movement. Receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) is essential for osteoclast formation and differentiation. Several...

PURPOSE Anthranilic acid is an important, the aromatic intermediate in the degradation of tryptophan in kynurenine pathway. This compound plays an important role in the regulation of immunological processes as well shows antibacterial activity. The aim of our study was to estimate the concentration of anthranilic acid in saliva of young patients with orthodontic apparatus. We also assessed corr...

The stability of the anchorage unit plays a very important role in orthodontic control. Controlled orthodontic movements such as retraction and/or protraction of teeth and intrusion of overerupted teeth are very difficult to achieve without patient cooperation and without causing undesirable reciprocal movement in the anchorage unit. The article describes characteristics, surgical procedure, an...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Long-term usage of fixed and removable orthodontic appliances creates a favorable environment for the augmentation of oral normal microflora particularly Candida species, which can increases the risk of periodontal lesions. The aim of this study was to assess quantitative and qualitative alterations in the carrier rate of Candida spp. after placement of fixed and remov...