Acute patellar dislocation is a common injury in young athletes, which occurs due to inappropriate biomechanical relations and anatomic deviations in the area of knee joint. In these unfavorable conditions, abrupt and vigorous strain of the quadriceps muscle of the thigh may result in lateral patellar dislocation. A case is presented of a young male athlete with acute patellar dislocation and c...

Acute locking is a sign of internal derangement of the knee and is an orthopaedic surgical emergency. Differential diagnoses of this condition are torn meniscus, intra-articular loose bodies and torn anterior cruciate ligament. We present a 15-year-old schoolboy who developed acute locking of the knee during dancing. Arthroscopy revealed that he had sustained an osteochondral fracture of the pa...

Experimental injuries of cartilage and bone were produced by applying shear force to the articular surfaces of the lateral femoral condyles of six-month-old pigs under various loading conditions. The lesions were divided into two groups, 'open' or 'closed', depending on the presence of a crack on the articular surface. Each was further divided into four types according to the depth of penetrati...

We describe a new method of biological repair of osteochondral defects. In rabbit knees an osteochondral defect was reconstructed with a cab-osseous graft made of a superficial sheet of medullary fracture callus attached to a base of cancellous bone. This was taken from the iliac bone of the same animal which had been osteotomised ten days earlier. The reparative tissues were evaluated for 24 w...

In children, traumatic elbow dislocations usually occur after the epiphysis has closed and with associated radial head and neck fractures and osteochondral fragments. The fragments are also usually interposed in the joint restricting complete congruent joint motion. We report on 3 children with traumatic elbow fracture-dislocation with associated radial head and neck injuries treated with open ...

Several million people suffer from joint cartilage damage with very debilitating conditions. Once damaged, cartilage is a tissue that does not restore itself. Techniques such as micro-fracture, autogenous or allogenous osteochondral transplantation, and autologous chondrocyte implantation may be done to repair cartilage and relieve the patients’ symptoms. The environmental factors’ effect on th...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to report findings of exploratory arthroscopic assessment performed in conjunction with removal of internal fixation device placed in the initial surgery for rotational ankle fracture. METHODS A total of 53 patients (33 male, 20 female) who underwent surgery for rotational ankle fracture between November 2002 and February 2008 were retrospectively revi...

BACKGROUND Standardisation is required in research, so are approval procedures for advanced therapy medical products and other procedures for articular cartilage therapies. The process of creating samples needs to be reproducible. The aim of this study was to design, create and validate instruments (1) to create reproducible and accurate defects and (2) to isolate samples in the shape of osteoc...

Focal articular cartilage injuries in the knee are common and can cause severe morbidity and reduced function. The articular cartilage is avascular and has limited ability to heal, and hence, patients with cartilage injuries have increased risk of progressing to osteoarthritis. Most of the cartilage injuries are located on the femoral condyles. Engaging focal cartilage injuries involving the tr...