Styrene is a compound commonly used in several industries, especially in those that manufacture glass-reinforced products. A thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method for determination of styrene in industrial indoor and outdoor air is presented. Split valves of the thermal desorption unit were fixed at flows of 150 mL/min for indoor air and 5.3 mL/min for outdoor air, whic...

This paper presents a literature review on urban design indicators addressing the impact of urban geometry and vegetation on the outdoor thermal environment at the pedestrian level, as urban geometry and vegetation have been regarded as the most influential urban design factors that affect outdoor microclimate. The thermal balance concept is first introduced to elaborate how each component of e...

To better understand the influence of urban green infrastructure (UGI) on outdoor human thermal comfort, a survey and physical measurements were performed at the campus of the University of Groningen, The Netherlands, in spring and summer 2015. Three hundred eighty-nine respondents were interviewed in five different green spaces. We aimed to analyze people's thermal comfort perception and prefe...

Background:Thermal stress may have numerous harmful effects on human health. This study aimed at investigating thermal stress in the city of Kerman, Iran. Methods:In this descriptive-analytical study, thermal stress was assessed from 6 AM to 9 PM in 2016 using four thermal stress indices including wet-bulb globe temperature (WBGT), environmental stress index (...

Heat exchanges with the environment are crucial processes for maintaining homeothermy by humans and other animals. These exchanges involve heat production, conservation, and dissipation, and are dependent on both biological and physical factors. The complexity of these exchanges has led to many attempts to represent the environmental aspects by surrogate thermal indices as a basis for assessing...

Shade plays an important role in designing pedestrian-friendly outdoor spaces in hot desert cities. This study investigates the impact of photovoltaic canopy shade and tree shade on thermal comfort through meteorological observations and field surveys at a pedestrian mall on Arizona State University's Tempe campus. During the course of 1 year, on selected clear calm days representative of each ...

We introduce Deep Thermal Imaging, a new approach for close-range automatic recognition of materials to enhance the understanding of people and ubiquitous technologies of their proximal environment. Our approach uses a low-cost mobile thermal camera integrated into a smartphone to capture thermal textures. A deep neural network classifies these textures into material types. This approach works ...