This paper describes in some detail the structure of the acrosomal region of the spermatozoon of Hydroides as a basis for subsequent papers which will deal with the structural changes which this region undergoes during fertilization. The material was osmium-fixed and mild centrifugation was used to aggregate the spermatozoa from collection to final embedding. The studies concern also the acroso...

The shape as well as tension and pressure inside an uncharged vesicle are understood to be determined by the reduced volume of a vesicle. These parameters are important for a vesicle or a biological cell, since they can affect bio-physical processes such as osmosis and permeation, interaction with external agents such as bio-macromolecules as well as thermal fluctuations in a bilayer membrane o...

We aimed to measure the invasion ability of Hep-2 laryngeal cancer cells after treatment with C-erbB-2-small interfering RNA (siRNA)-chitosan nanoparticles, and assess the applied value of chitosan nanoparticle-mediated C-erbB-2 interference in inhibiting laryngeal cancer invasion and metastasis. Nanoparticles of approximately 100 nm, comprising C-erbB-2 siRNA packaged with chitosan, were prepa...

background: chitosan nanoparticles have become of great interest for nanomedicine, biomedical engineering and development of new therapeutic drug release systems with improved bioavailability, increased specificity and sensitivity, and reduced pharmacological toxicity. the aim of the present study is to synthesis and optimization of chitosan nanoparticles for industrial and biomedical applicati...

in this paper, synthesized (raw) multi-walled carbon nanotube (rmwcnts) surfaces were modified with chitosan and β-cyclodextrin using chen’s soft cutting technique. raw and surface modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes were observed by transmission electron microscope (tem). the results showed that chitosan and β-cyclodextrin could attach to the outer surface of nanotubes, wrapping the nanotub...

The importance of the polymorphic-phase behavior of lipid A structural variations in determining their endotoxic activities has been recognized previously, but any potential role for lipid A polymorphism in controlling outer membrane structure and function has been largely ignored until now. In a recent article in mBio [7(5):e01532-16, https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.01532-16], Katherine E. Bonnin...

We discuss a simple modification of the well-known method of giant vesicle electroformation that allows for a direct addition of water-soluble species to the phospholipid bilayers. Using this modified method, we prepare phospholipid vesicles decorated with chitosan, a water-soluble polysaccharide currently investigated for potential pharmacological applications. We find that the method allows t...

Formation of pore-like structures in cell membranes could participate in exchange of matter between cell compartments and modify the lipid distribution between the leaflets of a bilayer. We present experiments on two model systems in which major lipid redistribution is attributed to few submicroscopic transient pores. The first kind of experiments consists in destabilizing the membrane of a gia...

objectives: acinetobacter baumannii is a gram-negative, non-motile aerobic bacterium known as a nosocomial pathogen resisting often to broad range of antibiotics. the pathogen is a serious agent of mortality and morbidity in hospital particularly among immunocompromise patients. treatment and control of its infections is complicated owing to its high antibiotic resistance, survival in various e...