There is increasing clinical evidence that phospholipid oxidation products (Ox-PL) play a role in atherosclerosis. This review focuses on the mechanisms by which Ox-PL interact with endothelial cells, monocyte/macrophages, platelets, smooth muscle cells, and HDL to promote atherogenesis. In the past few years major progress has been made in identifying these mechanisms. It has been recognized t...

Recently it has been shown that levels of circulating oxidized LDL immune complexes (ox-LDL-ICs) predict the development of diabetic retinopathy (DR). This study aimed to investigate whether ox-LDL-ICs are actually present in the diabetic retina, and to define their effects on human retinal pericytes versus ox-LDL. In retinal sections from people with type 2 diabetes, costaining for ox-LDL and ...

The oxides of many transition metals wet their own metal surface. The adhesion energy at this interface (E(adh,ox/m)) provides extra stabilization, which lowers the O2 pressure required for oxide stability as a thin film below that required for bulk-oxide stability by the factor exp[(2gamma(g/ox) - E(adh,ox/m))/(tN(ox)RT)], where gamma(g/ox) is the surface energy of the oxide, t is the oxide fi...

Definition 1.1. If X is a topological space with a sheaf of ring OX , an OX-module is a sheaf F of abelian groups on X, together with the structure of an OX(U)-module on each F (U), which is compatible with restriction, in the sense that if V ⊆ U , for any s ∈ F (U) and f ∈ OX(U) we have ρUV (fs) = ρUV (f) · ρUV (s) in F (V ). A morphism between OX -modules F and G is a morphism φ of the underl...

The OX-40 receptor (OX-40R) is a cell surface glycoprotein of the tumor necrosis factor receptor family that is expressed primarily on activated CD4 T cells. Engagement of OX-40R by the OX-40 ligand (OX-40L) is known to costimulate the production of cytokines by activated T lymphocytes and to rescue effector T cells from activation-induced cell death. It was previously reported that in vivo lig...

A decrease in orexin-A (OX-A) levels has been reported to be associated with depression. It is also well known that stress and depression can disrupt neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus; however, it is unclear how OX-A is involved in depression and/or neurogenesis. In the present study, we investigated the effect of i.c.v. administration of OX-A on the forced swimming test (FST...

We construct families of rank two bundles Et on P4, in characteristic two, where for t 6= 0, Et is a sum of line bundles, and E0 is non split. We construct families of rank two bundles Et on P3, in characteristic p, where for t 6= 0, Et is a sum of line bundles, and E0 is non split. 1. A degenerating family of split bundles on P in characteristic 2 We will construct a family of rank two bundles...

Orexin-A and orexin-B are hypothalamic neuropeptides that play critical roles in the maintenance of wakefulness. Intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of orexin-A has been shown to promote wakefulness and suppress both rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and non-REM (NREM) sleep through the orexin receptor-1 (OX(1)R) and orexin receptor-2 (OX(2)R). Here, we elucidated the differential roles o...

A specific lectin-like endothelial receptor for oxidized low density lipoprotein (LOX-1), distinct from the scavenger receptor in monocytes/macrophages, has been identified and cloned. In this study, we examined the regulation of LOX-1 by oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and determined the role of LOX-1 in ox-LDL-induced apoptosis of cultured human coronary artery endothelial cells (HC...

BACKGROUND We demonstrated earlier that angiotensin II (Ang II), by AT(1) receptor activation, upregulates oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) endothelial receptor LOX-1 gene expression and uptake of ox-LDL in human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs). In this study, we investigated the regulation of Ang II receptors (AT1R and AT2R) by ox-LDL and the role of the redox-sensitive transcription factor NF...