This study examined the potential of pedagogical agents as learning companions (PALs) to build social relations with learners and, consequently, to motivate learning. The study investigated the impact of PAL affect (positive vs. negative vs. neutral), PAL gender (male vs. female), and learner gender (male vs. female) on learners’ social judgments, motivation, and learning in a controlled experi...

In eighty-three patients with confirmed deep vein thrombosis, the fibrinolytic system was studied before and after a 1 0-minute venous occlusion. Blood was collected at least 3 months after the last acute episode. and PAl-i antigen and activity. as well as tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) antigen. urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) antigen. and fibrinolytic activity were measure...

The extracellular matrix (ECM) of cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEs) was analyzed by immunoblotting and reverse fibrin autography and shown to contain type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAl-i ). Most PAl-i in the ECM formed complexes with exogenously added tissuetype plasminogen activator (tPA). demonstrating that this PAl-i was functionally active. The resulting tPA/PAI-1 com...

The adoption of physically active learning (PAL) in schools is becoming more widespread. To understand how PAL being used different countries and explore if methods strategies differ, this paper draws cross-national comparisons primary school teachers' use PAL. Thirteen focus groups were conducted with 54 teachers from Norway, the Netherlands UK. Four themes identified using thematic analysis: ...

The influence of maturing and ripening on phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity and anthocyanin accumulation was examined using bagged, non-bagged and shaded ‘Jonathan’ (Malus domestica) apples. Bagged fruit were covered with paper bags from mid-June at an early stage of fruit growth. Shaded apples were insulated from sunlight by newspaper at the beginning of colouring (middle September). ...

Phenylketonuria (PKU), with its associated hyperphenylalaninemia (HPA) and mental retardation, is a classic genetic disease and the first to have an identified chemical cause of impaired cognitive development. Treatment from birth with a low phenylalanine diet largely prevents the deviant cognitive phenotype by ameliorating HPA and is recognized as one of the first effective treatments of a gen...

Pharmacological evidence implicates trans-cinnamic acid as a feedback modulator of the expression and enzymatic activity of the first enzyme in the phenylpropanoid pathway, L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL). To test this hypothesis independently of methods that utilize potentially non-specific inhibitors, we generated transgenic tobacco lines with altered activity levels of the second enzyme ...

BACKGROUND Physical activity level (PAL) is known to play an important role in reducing risk factors associated with sedentarism, in addition to improving the mental health and health-related quality of life (HRQL). OBJECTIVE Investigate the relationship of PAL and their domains with HRQL, mood state (MS) and anxiety. Method: 140 Physical Education students (23.6 ± 3.7 years) were evaluated. ...

Peer assisted learning (PAL) is a common feature of medical education. Understanding of PAL has been based on processes and outcomes in controlled settings, such as clinical skills labs. PAL in the clinical setting, a complex learning environment, requires fresh evaluation. Socio-cultural theory is proposed as a means to understand educational interventions in ways that are practical and meanin...

lignin is one of the major characteristics of plant secondary cell wall that provides structural rigidity for the cells and tissues and hydrophobicity to tracheary elements. internode tissues of aeluropus littoralis as a halophyte grass were sampled at different developmental stages (from the first to the fifth internodes ) and under different nacl concentrations. the influences of nacl and int...