44 J Clin Psychiatry 2004;65 (suppl 8) Current Insomnia Classification Systems After presenting a general definition of diagnostic classification and the factors that influence the development of classifications, Edinger discussed past and present insomnia nosologies and the data supporting the reliability, validity, and general utility of these systems. In the subsequent panel discussion, pane...

OBJECTIVE To assess the interrater agreement of the diagnosis and the classification of a first paroxysmal event in childhood. METHODS The descriptions of 100 first paroxysmal events were submitted to two panels each consisting of three experienced paediatric neurologists. Each observer independently made a diagnosis based on clinical judgment and thereafter a diagnosis based on predefined de...

In this paper a Bayesian approach to unit root testing for panel data models is proposed based on the comparison of stationary autoregressive models with and without individual deterministic trends, with their counterpart models with a unit autoregressive root. This is done under cross-sectional dependence among the units of the panel. Simulation experiments are conducted with the aim to assess...

Forecasting with Spatial Panel Data This paper compares various forecasts using panel data with spatial error correlation. The true data generating process is assumed to be a simple error component regression model with spatial remainder disturbances of the autoregressive or moving average type. The best linear unbiased predictor is compared with other forecasts ignoring spatial correlation, or...

abstract t he relationship between public sector deficits and inflation is one of the important and controversial issues in the academic literature as well as in economic policy field. on the other hand, a major objective of macroeconomic policies is to foster economic growth and to keep inflation on a low level. so keeping the price stability plays an important role in determining the growth r...

Health Care Expenditure and Income in the OECD Reconsidered: Evidence from Panel Data This paper reconsiders the long-run economic relationship between health care expenditure and income using a panel of 20 OECD countries observed over the period 1971-2004. In particular, the paper studies the non-stationarity and cointegration properties between health care spending and income. This is done in...

Not the Opium of the People: Income and Secularization in a Panel of Prussian Counties The interplay between religion and the economy has occupied social scientists for long. We construct a unique panel of income and Protestant church attendance for six waves of up to 175 Prussian counties spanning 1886-1911. The data reveal a marked decline in church attendance coinciding with increasing incom...

Random Coefficient Panel Data Models This paper provides a review of linear panel data models with slope heterogeneity, introduces various types of random coefficients models and suggest a common framework for dealing with them. It considers the fundamental issues of statistical inference of a random coefficients formulation using both the sampling and Bayesian approaches. The paper also provid...

This paper investigates the impact of stock markets and banks on economic growth using a panel data set for the period 1976-98 and applying recent GMM techniques developed for dynamic panels. Econometrically, the paper illustrates the differences that emerge from different panel procedures. On balance, we find that stock markets and banks positively influence economic growth and these findings ...

A panel of ex-ante forecasts of a single time series is modeled as a dynamic factor model, where the conditional expectation is the single unobserved factor. When applied to out-of-sample forecasting, this leads to combination forecasts that are based on methods other than OLS. These methods perform well in a Monte Carlo experiment. These methods are evaluated empirically in a panel of simulate...