Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a serious disease of the nervous system, in which brain and spinal cord cannot communicate properly with muscles to coordinate body’s movements. Consequently, gradually stop working things like walking, eating, breathing, speaking become more difficult. Many aspects ALS remain mystery, but we know that cells called neurons run out energy patients, resultin...

An anatomical and electrophysiological study of Drosophila mutants has been made to determine the effect of altered electrical activity on the development and maintenance of larval neuromuscular junctions. We examined motor axon terminals of (1) hyperexcitable mutants Shaker (Sh), ether a go-go (eag), Hyperkinetic (Hk), and Duplication of para+ (Dp para+); and (2) mutants with reduced excitabil...

The neural control of the clasp reflex in male Xenopus laevis has been studied by using anatomical, electrophysiological, and biochemical techniques. Neurons in spinal segment 2 of castrated males accumulate label after injection of [3H]-dihydrotestosterone; these neurons are distributed within the rostral portions of the motoneuronal pools of the sternoradialis and flexor carpi radialis muscle...

It is a common belief held by chiropractors (2) that spinal manipulation affects those muscles spanning a hypomobile spinal joint (facet or apophyseal joints). There have been attempts to record changes in paraspinal muscle activity following manipulative therapy by means of surface electromyography (SEMG) (3)(4)(5). However, the physiological anatomical nature of the paraspinal muscles enables...

Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (Kennedy disease) is an X-linked, adult-onset motor neuron disease characterized by slow, progressive weakness of the extremity muscles with CAG triplet repeat expansion in androgen receptor gene. Hirayama (HD) juvenile onset asymmetric amyotrophy hand most common males Asia. We report a patient atypical Kennedy presenting typical HD.

Diagram of a transverse section of the neck at the level of C.6, to demonstrate the origin and the course of the posterior branches of the spinal nerves. On the right side is shown intraforaminal avulsion of the spinal root. The electromyograph of the deep posterior neck muscles will show fibrillation potentials: an unfavourable prognosis. On the left side is shown extraforaminal damage of the ...

We compared the activity profiles and synergies of spinal motoneurons recorded during fictive locomotion evoked in immobilized decerebrate cat preparations by midbrain stimulation to the activity profiles and synergies of the corresponding hindlimb muscles obtained during forward level walking in cats. The fictive locomotion data were collected in the Spinal Cord Research Centre, University of ...

To define alterations of neuronal connectivity that occur during motor neuron degeneration, we characterized the function and structure of spinal circuitry in spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) model mice. SMA motor neurons show reduced proprioceptive reflexes that correlate with decreased number and function of synapses on motor neuron somata and proximal dendrites. These abnormalities occur at an ...

23 We compared the activity profiles and synergies of spinal motoneurons recorded during 24 fictive locomotion evoked in immobilized decerebrate cat preparations by midbrain stimulation 25 to the activity profiles and synergies of the corresponding hindlimb muscles obtained during 26 forward level walking in cats. The fictive locomotion data were collected in the Spinal Cord 27 Research Centre,...

Each year, a total of 11,200 persons receive spinal cord injuries. Approximately 4,200 of those injured die before they can reach a hospital, and another 1,150 die during hospitalization.,' 8 Respiratory disturbance during the acute phase of upper thoracic or cervical spinal injury accounts for the high morbidity and mortality rate.2 The diaphragm is innervated by the phrenic nerve, which exits...