Nitrophenols are present in the atmospheric gas phase and in cloud and rainwater. Their formation via aqueous-phase reactions of phenol with the nitronium ion, NO2 + , arising from N2O5 and ClNO2 partitioning into the aqueous phase, has been proposed but not verified experimentally. Here we demonstrate for the first time that gaseous N2O5 and ClNO2 partitioning into dilute aqueous solutions of ...

Compositions of coexisting liquid and vapor phases have been determined at temperatures from 250 to 350°C for brines containing NaCl and either HCI or NaOH by direct sampling of both phases from a static phase-equilibration apparatus. In these experiments, NaCl concentrations in the liquid phase ranged to 6.5 mol-kg", with corresponding vapor-phase NaCl concentrations varying strongly with temp...

The vibrational temperatures of product CO(2) were measured in CO oxidation on Pd(111) as a function of the desorption angle by means of infrared chemiluminescence. The antisymmetric vibration temperature was separately determined from the other vibrational modes from the normalized chemiluminescence intensity. The product CO(2) desorption is sharply collimated along the surface normal. The ant...

We have studied the effect of polyethylene glycol (PEG) on the liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) of aqueous solutions of bovine gammaD-crystallin (gammaD), a protein in the eye lens. We observe that the phase separation temperature increases with both PEG concentration and PEG molecular weight. PEG partitioning, which is the difference between the PEG concentration in the two coexisting pha...

Purpose: of this paper is the effect of the soft annealing of initial microstructure of the 6Mn16 steel on the kinetics of the austenite formation during next intercritical annealing. Design/methodology/approach: Analytical TEM point analysis with EDAX system attached to Philips CM20 was used to evaluate the concentration of Mn, Ni and Cr in the microstructure constituents of the multiphase ste...

Introduction: The compositional characteristics of the Earth's core-mantle system are best described by a model that recognizes that the present upper mantle is not in equilibrium with the core and that metal-silicate differentiation was in response to secular changes in equilibrium conditions [1-5 and references therein]. Au) that are ~100-fold depleted relative to chondritic meteorites [6-7]....