Muscle mechanical work is an important biomechanical quantity in human movement analyses and has been estimated using different quantities including external, internal and joint work. The goal of this study was to investigate the relationships between these traditionally used estimates of mechanical work in human walking and to assess whether they can be used as accurate estimates of musculoten...

This paper deals with the study and comparison of passive and active landing gear system of  the aircraft and dynamic responses due to runway irregularities while the aircraft is taxying. The dynamic load and vibration caused by the unevenness of runway will result in airframe fatigue, discomfort of passengers and the reduction of the pilot’s ability to control the aircraft. One of the objectiv...

Background: Adequate passive stiffness of the hip joint can prevent the occurrence of excessive transverse plane lower limb movement during functional activities. Strength training of the hip lateral rotator muscles can be used to increase the stiffness of this joint. However, the relationship between hip joint passive stiffness and muscle strength remains undocumented in the literature. Object...

BACKGROUND Adequate passive stiffness of the hip joint can prevent the occurrence of excessive transverse plane lower limb movement during functional activities. Strength training of the hip lateral rotator muscles can be used to increase the stiffness of this joint. However, the relationship between hip joint passive stiffness and muscle strength remains undocumented in the literature. OBJEC...

Vibration suppression is considered as a key research field in civil engineering to ensure the safety and comfort of their occupants and users of mechanical structures. To reduce the system vibration, an effective vibration control with isolation is necessary. Vibration control techniques have classically been categorized into two areas, passive and active controls. For a long time, efforts wer...

Low back disorder continues to be prevalent amongst construction workers, especially the rebar workers who are often engaged in repetitive stooping postures. Wearable robots, exoskeletons, recent ergonomic interventions currently explored industry that have potentials of reducing risks low pain by augmenting users’ body parts and demands on back. This paper presents assessment a commercially av...

Overheadwork is classifiedas one of the major risk factors for onset shoulder work-related musculoskeletal disorders and muscle fatigue. Upper-limb exoskeletons can be used to assist workers during execution industrial overhead tasks prevent such disorders. Twelve novice participants have been equipped with inertial force/torque sensors simultaneously estimate whole-body kinematics joint torque...

This chapter reviews the theoretical and empirical literature on learning by doing. Many of the distinctive theoretical implications of learning by doing have been derived under the assumption that the cost-quantity relationships observed in numerous empirical studies are largely the result of passive learning, and some further require that passive learning is unbounded. The empirical literatur...