Background and Aims: lamivudine is amongst the antiviral for drug chronic hepatitis B treatment. During therapy with lamivudine, variants may emerge with YMDD mutation in the reverse transcriptase (RT) region of polymerase gene. This mutation might have a role in drug resistant for HBV. Materials and Methods: HBV DNA extraction from serum sample of 88 patients, were subjected to nested PCR for ...

30 milled rice samples were collected from retailers in four states of malaysia. these samples were evaluated for eurotium spp. contaminations by direct plating on malt extract salt agar (mesa). all eurotium were isolated and identified based on morphology and nucleotide sequences of internal transcribed spacer 1 (its1) and its2 of the rdna. four eurotium species (e. rubrum, e. amstelodami, e. ...

background and objectives: rapid clinical manifestation/progression of the meningococcal meningitis and lacunae in conventional bacteriological test often encourages indiscriminate use of antibiotics much before the etiology is established. this study was planned to evaluate ctra pcr for rapid molecular detection. in addition, multiplex pcr and sequencing was done for serogroup prediction to pr...

Background and Aims: DNA constructs containing HCV antigens have become one of the vaccine candidates for induction of anti-HCV cellular and humoral immunity. In this study, we constructed a novel expressing vector harboring a fusion sequence derived from an overlapping fragment in the middle of NS3 and a truncated core fragment to avoid troubles reported to be associated with full gene express...

DNA methylation is a key epigenetic mechanism that regulates gene expression and chromatin structure. This application note describes a workflow for analysis of DNA methylation in specific loci by methylationsensitive high-resolution melting (MS-HRM) followed by DNA sequencing of the reaction products (Figure 1). The workflow relies on Applied Biosystems® real-time PCR and capillary electrophor...

Somatic mutation in human epidermal growth factor receptor-related 2 gene (HER2) is one of the driver mutations in lung cancer. HER2 mutations are found in about 2% of lung adenocarcinomas (ADCs). Previous reports have been based mainly on diagnostic screening by Sanger sequencing or next-generation sequencing (NGS); however, these methods are time-consuming and complicated. We developed a rapi...

The identification of Mycobacteria in the species level has great medical importance. Biochemical tests are laborious and time-consuming, so new techniques could be used to identify the species. This research aimed to the comparison of biochemical and sequencing 16S rDNA gene methods to identify nontuberculous Mycobacteria in patients suspected to tuberculosis in Golestan province which is the ...

Next-generation sequencing technology has enabled the detection of rare genetic or somatic mutations and contributed to our understanding of disease progression and evolution. However, many next-generation sequencing technologies first rely on DNA amplification, via the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), as part of sample preparation workflows. Mistakes made during PCR appear in sequencing data a...

The direct sequencing of PCR products, a bacterial colony (plasmid DNA), or phage plaque (λDNA) is a very powerful technique applicable to several molecular biological experiments. In particular, the sequencing of plasmid DNA directly from within bacterial colonies provides a rapid screening method to confirm the orientation of DNA inserts. Similarly, the direct sequencing of λDNA within plaque...

coli and Salmonella spp. Out of 200 samples collected from retail markets Durg, Raipur, Rajnandgaon Balod districts Chhattisgarh State, 76 (38) 46 (23%) were found contaminated with E. spp., respectively. Multiple antibiotic resistant (MAR) index varied between 0.00 to 0.88 0.11 for isolates, The isolates screened phenotypically ESBL production multiplex PCR targeting blaTEM, blaSHV, andblaCTX-...