BACKGROUND TRPV1 is a ligand-gated ion channel whose activation by capsaicin increases intracellular Ca(2+) ([Ca(2+)](i)). TRPV1 and cannabinoid CB(1) receptor activation are capable of eliciting analgesia. In this study, using recombinant human (h) and rat (r) TRPV1 receptors expressed in HEK293 cells, we have performed a comparison of both TRPV1 species at 22 and 37 degrees C and compared end...

In this paper, reduced graphene oxide modified highly ordered TiO2 nanotube arrays (RGO-TNTs) have been fabricated and used for photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) degradation of organic pollutants under visible light irradiation. Firstly, the RGO-TNT electrode was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman, FT-IR, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and UV-v...

Ionically cross-linked polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) of anionic poly(sodium 4-styrene sulfonate) (PSS) and cationic poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC), xPSS.(1-x)PDADMAC, with molar fractions x ranging from 0.30 to 0.70, were prepared and subsequently dried. The PEC samples were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry, and the ionic conductivity sigmadc of the samples was...

Peritoneal exudate cells (PEC) from C57BL/6 mice were collected on different days following an i.p. injection of Adriamycin (10 mg/kg) as free drug (ADM) or encapsulated in multilamellar liposomes (ADM/Lip). Macrophages harvested from mice at various times (Days 4-14) after either drug treatment were responsive to in vitro lipopolysaccharide induction of tumoricidal activity, maximum response b...

BACKGROUND Honey, alone or in combination, has been used for wound healing since ancient times and has reemerged as a topic of interest in the last decade. Pectin has recently been investigated for its use in various biomedical applications such as drug delivery, skin protection, and scaffolding for cells. The aim of the present study was to develop and evaluate a pectin-honey hydrogel (PHH) as...

AIM To investigate the acidogenic response of plaque with various European chocolates of varying cocoa contents. METHODS 14 subjects participated in the study. On each test day plaque pH measurements were taken at baseline and at 2, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 minutes after challenge with the test chocolates or control foods. A plaque sample was removed from the buccal surfaces of posterior teeth re...

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of various amounts of treated sunflower meal (SFM) with extracted tannins from pistachio hulls on in vitro gas production and ruminal fermentation in ruminants. The SFM was treated with pistachio extract concentrate (PEC), which contained 111.40 g kg-1 total phenol and 71.30 g kg-1 total tannin per dry matter of e...

Erwinia chrysanthemi synthesizes and secretes pectate lyases that attack components of the plant cell wall and, therefore, play a major role in the pathogenesis of soft rot disease. We isolated a new mutant (designated pec-1), by Tn5 mutagenesis, that displays weak pectate lyase production and decreased motility and mucoidicity. Maceration and pathogenicity tests done on different plant organs ...

'Real-world' contaminant exposure of sediment-dwelling biota is typically long-term, low-level and to multiple pollutants. However, sediment quality guidelines, designed to protect these organisms, relate only to single contaminants. This study uses radiometrically dated sediment cores from 7 English lakes with varying contamination histories to reconstruct temporal changes in likely risk to bi...