The impact of weather conditions on traffic safety is a topic that has attracted considerable interest in the literature. In this research, an integer autoregressive model (INAR) is used to estimate the effects of weather conditions on four traffic safety categories: vehicle accidents, vehicle fatalities, pedestrian accidents and pedestrian fatalities, using 21 years of daily count data for Ath...

Pedestrian-vehicle conflicts are considered as one of the most common safety problems at signalized intersections. The threat to pedestrian safety is mainly related to the interaction with turning vehicles, especially left-turners (left-hand traffic). This paper aims at analyzing the lag/gap acceptance behavior of left-turning vehicles considering pedestrian movement at signalized crosswalks. F...

The increasing number of mid-block vehicle-pedestrian crashes has led traffic engineers to consider treatments to make crosswalks safer, especially for children and seniors. One common method to resolve this problem is the installation of signalized mid-block pedestrian crossings. However, a wide variety of signalization schemes have been employed, few of which are supported by the Manual on Un...

OBJECTIVE This randomized controlled trial examined one aspect of child pedestrian behavior, route selection across intersections, to evaluate whether a combination of widely-available videos and websites effectively train children in safe pedestrian route selection compared to active pedestrian safety control training and a no-contact control group. METHODS A sample of 231 seven- and eight-y...

In vehicle–pedestrian crashes, head injuries account for an overwhelming percentage of all severe and fatal injuries. These injuries are caused by the linear acceleration and rotation of the head. To mitigate head injuries, tools such as Human Body Models (HBMs) are used in the development and evaluation of pedestrian safety systems. The tools need to be compared with experimental data to evalu...

Most studies of pedestrian injuries focus on reducing traumatic injuries due to the primary impact between the vehicle and the pedestrian. However, based on the Pedestrian Crash Data Study (PCDS), some researchers concluded that one of the leading causes of head injury for pedestrian crashes can be attributed to the secondary impact, defined as the impact of the pedestrian with the ground after...

This paper proposes a Safety-Aware Navigation Application (SANA) for pedestrian protection in vehicular networks. Because the distracted walking by the smartphone usage in a street or crossroad usually causes road accidents and casualties, it is necessary to design an energyefficient safety service for a smartphone to warn a pedestrian of possible danger. SANA provides smartphone users with suc...

A previously developed and analyzed pedestrian safety training program was used to teach appropriate street-crossing behaviors to kindergarteners and first graders. Adult crossing guards were trained to provide pedestrian safety instruction. Trained observers monitored the quality of instructions given by crossing guards and the pedestrian behavior of young children as they crossed the street. ...

Knowledge of the amount of violence tolerated by the human body is essential when developing and implementing pedestrian safety strategies. When estimating the potential benefits of new countermeasures, the pedestrian fatality risk as a function of impact speed is of particular importance. Although this function has been analysed previously, we state that a proper understanding does not exist. ...