Methods: The primary source of evidence for this guideline was the systematic review and data extraction conducted as part of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) Comparative Effectiveness Review titled Recurrent Nephrolithiasis in Adults: Comparative Effectiveness of Preventative Medical Strategies (2012). That report included rigorous searches of MEDLINE, the Cochrane Databas...

PURPOSE The target of our work was to study several biochemical parameters in phospho-calcic and bone metabolism in blood and urine and the bone mineral density of women with recurrent calcium nephrolithiasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study with a control group of 85 women divided into 3 groups: group 1 consisted of 25 women without a history of nephrolithiasis, gr...

PURPOSE Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is a commonly-used method in urology, which may modulate hemostasis and may induce lipid peroxidation in patients with nephrolithiasis. However, previous studies only examine changes occurring in patients 30-240 min after ESWL. The main aim of the present study was to determine whether oxidative stress may modulate the hemostatic activity of ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The prevalence of nephrolithiasis in the United States has increased substantially, but recent changes in incidence with respect to age, sex, and race are not well characterized. This study examined temporal trends in the annual incidence and cumulative risk of nephrolithiasis among children and adults living in South Carolina over a 16-year period. DESIGN, SETTING, ...

BACKGROUND Observational studies examining the role of estrogen in the risk of kidney stone formation have shown conflicting results. However, randomized trial evidence on nephrolithiasis risk with estrogen therapy in postmenopausal women is lacking. METHODS We reviewed the incidence of nephrolithiasis in the Women's Health Initiative estrogen-alone and estrogen plus progestin trials conducte...

Results There was a weak but significant association of all 4 SNPs and nephrolithiasis (P = 0.029 for rs733175; P = 0.006 for rs6449213; P = 0.020 for rs1014290, and P = 0.011 for rs737267). Logistic regression in an ageand sex-adjusted model suggested that genotype C/T for rs6449213 had odds ratio for nephrolithiasis of 2.89 (95% confidence interval 1.13-7.40). This SNP explained a total of 4....

Clinical question Is ultrasonography a safe and practical alternative to computed tomography for the initial investigation of suspected nephrolithiasis? Article chosen Smith-Bindman R, Aubin C, Bailitz J, et al. Ultrasonography versus computed tomography for suspected nephrolithiasis. N Engl J Med 2014;371(12):1100-10. Objective To assess the safety and efficacy of ultrasonography as a first-li...

Patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease become symptomatic and are diagnosed usually at adulthood. The rate of nephrolithiasis in these patients is 5-10 times the rate in the general population, and both anatomic and metabolic abnormalities play role in the formation of renal stones. However, nephrolithiasis is rare in childhood age group. In this paper, an 11-year-old child ...

INTRODUCTION Recent single-site studies and case reports have linked atazanavir (ATV) with the occurrence of nephrolithiasis. The purpose of this study was to estimate and compare the incidence rate of nephrolithiasis and to characterize the occurrence of subsequent renal failure among patients on ATV, other protease inhibitors (PIs) and PI-free regimens using real world data. MATERIALS AND M...