This study proposes an evaluation method for variable generation (VG) acceptability with an adequate level of power system flexibility. In this method, a risk index referred to as the ramping capability shortage expectation (RSE) is used to quantify flexibility. The RSE value of the current power system is selected as the adequate level of flexibility (i.e., RSE criterion). VG acceptability is ...

The first signs of mobile commerce hype are here. Extremely rapid penetration and growth processes are predicted on the basis of some quick descriptions of mobile technology. The roots of these predictions are often found in markets with a low penetration rate of mobile technology. Nevertheless, it should be clear that without real substance in m-commerce products and services the investments i...

This paper gives an overview on the potentials of numerical simulations for understanding dynamics in laser material processing. After a short introduction into the model, simulation results on several processes like laser beam deep penetration welding, drilling or cutting are presented. Furthermore simulation results are compared with experimentally obtained data.

This paper analyzes the impact on mobile telephony diffusion patterns of the two predominant payment regimes, calling party pays (CPP) and receiving party pays (RPP), for mobile termination services. By applying instrumental variable techniques to panel data we account for a possible interdependency of penetration rates and regulatory interventions. For this purpose we use data on political and...

It is important for search and pay-per-click engines to penetration test their click fraud detection systems, in order to find potential vulnerabilities and correct them before fraudsters can exploit them. In this paper, we describe: (1) some goals and desirable qualities of a click fraud penetration testing system, based on our experience, and (2) our experiences with the challenges of buildin...

Soil stiffness constants govern the soil sinkage and the pressure-sinkage behaviour of the soil under load. To determine soil stiffness constants in Upadhyaya model under field conditions, a field reflecting general character of an agricultural soil was selected and multiplate penetration tests were conducted. The soil stiffness constants in Upadhyaya model were determined from five sets of soi...

Nonisotonic aerosols are frequently used in the diagnosis and therapy of lung disease. The purpose of this work was to study the difference in the pattern of deposition of aerosols containing aqueous solutions of different tonicities. 99mTechnetium-diethyltriaminepentaacetic acid (99mTc-DTPA)-labelled saline aerosols, with mass median aerodynamic diameter 3.7-3.8 microns and geometric standard ...

Objective: This work compares the occlusive effect and the penetration enhancement ability of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC), through in vitro skin. Methods: SLN and NLC were prepared by high shear homogenization and characterized by size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, morphology and physical stability. Occlusive effect was assessed by an in vitr...

Penetration testers are required to attack systems to evaluate their security, but without engaging in unethical behaviour while doing so. Despite work on hacker values and studies into security practice, there is little literature devoted to the ethical pressures associated with penetration testing. This paper presents several ethical dilemmas and dimensions associated with penetration testing...