the purpose of this study was to map the structure of scientific outputs of petroleum field in science citation index (sci) accessible via web of science (wos) during 1990 to 2011 and determine the position of iran. the used research methods were citation analysis and historiography. the results showed that there were totally 26859 records indexed in the petroleum discipline during 1990-2011 in...

research results and facts of indigenous sheep production were reviewed with the aim of delivering relevant information for the beneficiaries. the common production system used in ethiopia was the extensive type, which was characterized by small flock sizes and the flock being periodically devastated by diseases. some indigenous sheep groups of the country were characterized and their names wer...

Tourism as one of the most economically important industries is also one of the most vulnerable to crises and disasters. This study is focused on measuring the short-term impact of a recent incidence, the 2010 BP Gulf oil spill, using a systems perspective. Drawing from two datasets measuring the performance of the hotel and vacation rental industries, a major part of the accommodation industry...

Deepwater operations in subsea production systems can be critically affected during transient events, such as shutdown periods, because of the formation of hydrates and/or wax deposits (see figure 1). Such formations/deposits can completely block production pipelines, thus requiring different technological solutions to restart production [1, 2]. In fact, during shutdown periods the fluid looses...

Corn-ethanol production is expanding rapidly with the adoption of improved technologies to increase energy efficiency and profitability in crop production, ethanol conversion, and coproduct use. Life cycle assessment can evaluate the impact of these changes on environmental performance metrics. To this end, we analyzed the life cycles of cornethanol systems accounting for the majority of U.S. c...

CO2 per year by 2030 [1]. Petroleum-based materials and chemical have been replaced by biological-based materials and chemicals with environmental advantages such as sustainability and biodegradability [2, 3]. One of these petroleum based-chemicals is the short chain carboxylic acids or volatile fatty acids (VFA). VFA are carboxylic acids with a carbon chain between 2 and 7 carbons [acetic (2),...