cytes may explain in part the frequency of infection and the mechanism of antibiotic-resistant infection in some patients with malignant myeloproliferative and lymphoproliferative diseases.

Scorbutic guinea pig neutrophils (PMN) were found to produce H2O2 and kill Staphylococcus aureus as well as control PMN, suggesting that ascorbate does not contribute significantly to phagocyte H2O2 production or bacterial killing. Total and reduced ascorbate contents of human PMN was observed to fall upon phagocytosis, whereas dehydroascorbate increased to a lesser extent. These observations a...

Primary immunodeficiency disorder (PID) refers to a heterogeneous group of over 130 disorders that result from defects in immune system development and/or function. PIDs are broadly classified as disorders of adaptive immunity (i.e., T-cell, B-cell or combined immunodeficiencies) or of innate immunity (e.g., phagocyte and complement disorders). Although the clinical manifestations of PIDs are h...

Recognition and phagocytosis of micro-organisms in a serum-poor environment represent innate immunity against many extracellular pathogens. As a paradigm for such processes, we discuss the recognition of Klebsiella pneumoniae by alveolar macrophages and monocyte-derived macrophages in the absence of serum. Macrophages recognize and subsequently kill Klebsiella expressing Man-alpha 2/3-Man or Rh...

The phagocyte, then, is a complex system delicately responsive to internal and external influences. Interfacial tensions, and under certain conditions viscosity, are critical factors in determining the ingestion of particles with which the phagocyte has come into contact. Deductions from the formulation of these factors by Fenn and Ponder are in agreement with observation and with experimental ...

of LCH remains unknown. According to molecular study, LCH is not a disease of the epidermal Langerhans cells, but rather one of the myeloid dendritic cells with mononuclear phagocyte dysregulation. The clinical signs and symptoms of LCH vary depending on the organs and extent of involvement. LCH is diagnosed based on pathologic and immunohistochemical evaluation. Histologic features are not pre...

Cytokines play a major role in the control of inflammatory responses, participate in the regulation of blood phagocyte activities and as such are used for immunomodulatory therapy. In the present study, the influence of IL-10 on human blood phagocyte activity in the presence/absence of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-alpha was tested in vitro. Our research analyzed the effects of cytokines on the production...

BACKGROUND It is possible that many deaths from pneumonia may involve the generation of inflammatory mediators and tissue damage by activated phagocytes. To test this hypothesis phagocyte function, plasma levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), and soluble interleukin 2 receptor (IL-2R), disease severity, and outcome have been examined in 46 patients with commu...

Formyl peptide receptor (FPR) and formyl peptide receptor like 1 (FPRL1) play important roles in inflammation and immunity. Stimulation of FPR and FPRL1 initiates a cascade of signaling events, leading to activation of various phagocyte responses, including chemotaxis, superoxide generation, and exocytosis. Trp-Lys-Tyr-Met-Val-d-Met-NH2 (WKYMVm) is a synthetic peptide that binds to and activate...

Received 3 December 1992 Returned to authors 9 February 1993 Revised version received 14 June 1993 Accepted for publication 25 October 1993 Abstract Background It is possible that many deaths from pneumonia may involve the generation of inflammatory mediators and tissue damage by activated phagocytes. To test this hypothesis phagocyte function, plasma levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumour necr...