BACKGROUND In this study we evaluate differences between rural and urban areas in the causes and incidence of fatal poisonings. METHODS Data from all fatal poisonings that occurred in Northern Finland from 2007 to 2011 were retrieved from Cause of Death Registry death certificates provided by Statistics Finland. The demographics and causes of fatalities were compared between rural and urban a...

objective(s): neuropathic pain remains a clinical problem and is poorly relieved by conventional analgesics. this study was designed to determine whether maprotiline administration was effective in alleviating symptoms of neuropathic pain and whether the antinociceptive effect of maprotiline mediated through the opioid system. materials and methods: neuropathic pain was induced by chronic const...

Conventional strategies for treating opioid abuse include cognitive/behavioral therapy, maintenance therapy and managed withdrawal. These strategies deal with the addictive state, but much effort has shifted toward developing preventative measures. One approach is to reduce the rewarding properties of abused drugs, which in the case of prescription pharmaceuticals such as opioid analgesics is c...

There is no question that too many people die from the use and abuse of opioids. The article by Alam and Juurlink in this issue of the Journal provides an overview of the issue of the prescription opioid epidemic and contains several useful messages for anesthesiologists which I summarize in this editorial. In some way, however, the most important message for our profession is in the conclusion...

chronic pain is a prevalent and debilitating condition, conveying immense human burden. suffering from chronic pain is not only caused by painful symptomatology, but also through a wide range of psychopathological and physical consequences, including depression and anxiety disorders, impaired sleep and cognition, cardiovascular morbidity and impaired sexual function, all contributing to diminis...

COVID-19 is compounding opioid use disorder throughout the United States. While recent commentaries provide useful policy recommendations, few studies examine intersection of responses and patterns overdose. We overdoses prior to following Pennsylvania stay-at-home order implemented on April 1, 2020. Using data from Overdose Information Network, we measure change in monthly incidents opioid-rel...

Approximately 80 per cent of primary care patients seek their physician's attention due to pain. A fifth of the population suffers from chronic pain with medium to high intensity, and longer than 3 months. Especially those patients are treated insufficiently when only non-opioids and opioids are applied. Therefore it is necessary to tailor pain therapy by using an interdisciplinary, multimodal ...