The long-standing interaction of philosophy and medicine has assumed to be as follows: great physicians have been also philosophers, so there is a relationship between medicine and philosophy. In this paper, based on philosophical modeling, essentials of interaction for medicine and philosophy are presented. First, brief descriptions of two models of medicine-philosophy interaction are presente...

The philosophy of biology has existed as a distinct sub-discipline within the philosophy of science for about thirty years. The rapid growth of the field has mirrored that of the biological sciences in the same period. Today the discipline is well represented in the leading journals in philosophy of science, as well as in several specialist journals. There have been two generations of textbooks...

The present paper aims at clarifying the role of the concept “walåyah” in the philosophy of the unity of being in Islamic philosophy (waedat al-wujid). The concept “walåyah” is deeply built into the philosophic system of the Islamic theory of being, and moreover the dynamic aspect of this concept has always activated Islamic philosophy of existence and stimulated the thought of Islamic philosop...

The twentieth century, with two bloody global wars and numerous killings, brought thinking about the West's new crisis about to the center of thought, a crisis whose backgrounds, according to some, should be sought in the existing political thought. Leo Strauss was among the philosophers who attempted to present a plan of a Western crisis or, in his words, a new-era crisis from the perspective ...