The effects of the phytoestrogens phloretin and phloridzin on Ca handling, cell shortening, the action potential, and Ca and K currents in freshly isolated cardiac myocytes from rat ventricle were examined. Phloretin increased the amplitude and area and decreased the rate of decline of electrically evoked Ca transients in the myocytes. These effects were accompanied by an increase in the Ca loa...

Phloretin [3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)propan1-one] is a hydrophobic, dihydrochalcone, polyphenolic compound (MW 274.3 g/mol, XlogP 2.6) that has been identified in apples and other natural sources including Pieris japonica, Kalmia latifolia, Hoveniae Lignum, and Loiseleuria procumbens [1-6] (Figure 1). Phloridzin is the glycoside of phloretin (phloretin-2’-glucose) which has ...

Abstract Background Apple replant disease (ARD) has been reported from all major fruit-growing regions of the world, and is often caused by biotic factors (pathogen fungi) abiotic (phenolic compounds). In order to clarify proteomic differences Fusarium moniliforme under action phloridzin, explore potential mechanism F. as pathogen ARD, role spp. in ARD was further clarified. Methods this paper,...

Anthocyanins have multiple biological activities of benefit to human health. While a few studies have been conducted to evaluate the bioavailability of anthocyanins, the mechanisms of their absorption mechanism remain ill-defined. In the present study, we investigated the absorption mechanism of cyanidin-3-O-β-glucoside (Cy-3-G) in human intestinal epithelial (Caco-2) cells. Cy-3-G transport wa...

Using cre/loxP gene targeting, transgenic mice with muscle-specific inactivation of the GLUT4 gene (muscle GLUT4 KO) were generated and shown to develop a diabetes phenotype. To determine the mechanism, we examined insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and metabolism during hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp in control and muscle GLUT4 KO mice before and after development of diabetes. Insulin-stimul...

Natural extracts have attracted considerable attention for development into effective inhibitors against the formation of genotoxic heterocyclic amines (HAs) in processed foods. In this study, four fruit extracts (apple, elderberry, grape seed, and pineapple) were evaluated for their effects on HA formation in fried beef patties. Apple and grape seed extracts were found to be the most effective...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to elucidate the effect of repetitive fluctuations in blood glucose concentrations on monocyte adhesion to the aortic endothelium. METHODS AND RESULTS Nonobese type 2 diabetes, Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats were fed twice daily to induce repetitive postprandial glucose spikes. Then, we compared the number of monocytes adherent to the endothelium of thoracic aort...