Glass-ceramics are polycrystalline materials of fine microstructure that are produced by the controlled crystallisation (devitrification) of a glass. Numerous silicate based wastes, such as coal combustion ash, slag from steel production, fly ash and filter dusts from waste incinerators, mud from metal hydrometallurgy, different types of sludge as well as glass cullet or mixtures of them have b...

An overview of the formation of calcium phosphate under in vitro environment on the surface of a range of bioactive materials (e.g. from silicate, borate, and phosphate glasses, glass-ceramics, bioceramics to metals) based on recent literature is presented in this review. The mechanism of bone-like calcium phosphate (i.e. hydroxyapatite) formation and the test protocols that are either already ...

The vitrification of zinc-hydrometallurgy wastes, electric arc furnace dust (EAFD), drainage mud, and granite mud was shown to immobilize the hazardous components in these wastes. Batch compositions were prepared by mixing the wastes with glass-cullet and sand to force the final glass composition into the glass forming region of the SiO2-Fe2O3-(CaO, MgO) system. The vitrification was carried ou...

G lass-ceramics were discovered – somewhat accidently – in 1953. Since then, many exciting papers have been published and patents granted related to glass-ceramics by research institutes, universities and companies worldwide. Glass-ceramics (also known as vitrocerams, pyrocerams, vitrocerâmicos, vitroceramiques and sittals) are produced by controlled crystallization of certain glasses – general...

Er3+-doped and Er3+-Tm3+-co-doped transparent hexagonal NaGdF4 glass ceramics are fabricated via melt-quenching method. The emissions of Er3+-doped NaGdF4 glass ceramics are adjusted from the green to red by varying the concentration of Tm3+ ion under the excitation of 980 nm. The spectrum, thermal quenching ratio, fluorescence intensity ratios, and optical temperature sensitivity of the transp...

The main properties (mechanical, thermal and chemical) and clinical application for dental restoration are demonstrated for three types of glass-ceramics and sintered polycrystalline ceramic produced by Ivoclar Vivadent AG. Two types of glass-ceramics are derived from the leucite-type and the lithium disilicate-type. The third type of dental materials represents a ZrO2 ceramic. CAD/CAM technolo...

Bioactive materials including glass and glass-ceramics are nowadays used as medical implants for orthopedic applications. In this study several samples of glass-ceramics have been prepared using both heat treatment and sol-gel processes. The structure and bioactivity of these samples based on their interaction with simulated body fluid (SBF) have been determined. In-vitor, using the Raman s...

Iron-rich glass-ceramics were obtained by the sintering of two glass powders, labeled G1 and G2, at heating rates of 5° and 20°C/min followed by an isothermal step in the 850°–1050°C temperature interval. The sintering process was evaluated by the linear shrinkage; the closed porosity was estimated by density measurements; the structure and the morphology of the glass ceramics were observed by ...