Five healthy young men were studied during 24-30 wk of continuous bed rest. During the first 12 wk of bed rest, untreated subjects increased calcium excretion in the urine by 109 mg/day and in the feces by 147 mg/day. The rate of total body calcium loss was 0.5-0.7% per month. Losses of central calcaneus mineral, assessed by gamma ray transmission scanning, occurred at a tenfold higher rate, wh...

CKD progresses more rapidly to ESRD among African Americans compared with Caucasians. Disordered mineral metabolism is more severe among African Americans with CKD, which might partially explain the accelerated progression of their kidney disease. Here, using data from the African American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension, we evaluated longitudinal changes in serum levels of fibroblast ...

In previous papers it has been shown that octocalcium phospate OCP occurs in bone mineral of vertebrates. Although this compound is not stable, there is a continuous new-formation of OCP due to bone turnover. Literature data of the calcium and phosphate concentrations in the blood plasma of vertebrates were collected and the degree of saturation with OCP was calculated. The results show that bl...

For in vitro differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells/mesenchymal stromal cells into osteoblasts by 2-dimensional cell culture a variety of protocols have been used and evaluated in the past. Especially the external phosphate source used to induce mineralization varies considerably both in respect to chemical composition and concentration. In light of the recent findings th...

Understanding the physiological regulation of mineral ion metabolism is essential for determining the pathomechanisms of skeletal, vascular, and renal diseases associated with an abnormal regulation of calcium and phosphate homeostasis. Normal calcium and phosphate balance is delicately maintained by endocrine factors that coordinate to influence the functions of the intestine, bone, parathyroi...

UNLABELLED To understand early mineralization events, we studied living murine calvarial tissue by Raman spectroscopy using fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2)-soaked porous beads. We detected increased levels of a transient phase resembling octacalcium phosphate in sutures undergoing premature suture closure. INTRODUCTION Several calcium phosphates have been postulated as the earliest inorgani...

Calcium and phosphate are the principle ions involved in the deposition of mineral in the human body. Inhibitors of mineralisation are essential for the prevention of ectopic mineral precipitation and deposition. In the past decade, through in vitro, in vivo and clinical observation studies, we have come to appreciate the importance of fetuin-A (Fet-A), a circulating glycoprotein, in preventing...