in this study, we investigated the interactive effects of intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of three different phosphodiesterase inhibitors (pdeis) on morphine-induced analgesia in mice using tail-flick method. subcutaneous administration of morphine (1, 3 and 6 mg/kg) caused significant antinociceptive effects in a dose dependent manner. administration of pentoxifylline (12.5, 25, 50 and 100 m...

Guidelines from the American Urological Association (AUA) and European of Urology (EAU) present conflicting recommendations regarding combination therapy phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors (PDE5is) with α-blockers to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Use PDE5is is widespread in population patients LUTS/BPH. In this scoping review, we examine evidence safe...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In vitro evidence gathered from extracerebral conductance vessels suggests interaction between the endothelium-derived relaxing factor for acetylcholine (EDRFACh) and cyclic nucleotide action in vascular smooth muscle. The purpose of this study was to examine this interaction in vivo in pial arterioles. As had been done in vitro, we used phosphodiesterase inhibitors that ...