In this paper, the photochemical degradation of azure-b by Cu2+/S2O82− process has beenpresented. Cu2+ as photocatalyst and S2O82− ion as photooxidant used in this process. Atextremely low concentrations, cupric ion showed true catalytic activity in the overall process.The influence of various parameters on the performance of the treatment process has beenconsidered, such as pH, concentration o...

We report a combined photochemical and electrochemical method to pattern ligands and cells in complex geometries and gradients on inert surfaces. This work demonstrates: (1) the control of density of immobilized ligands within overlapping photopatterns, and (2) the attached cell culture patterned onto ligand defined gradients for studies of directional cell polarity. Our approach is based on th...

When a nematic liquid crystal is doped with a large amount of a liquid crystalline azobenzene compound (15 wt %), the photoisomerization of azobenzene under UV and visible light irradiation can give rise to reversible and interconvertible photochemical phase transition and photochemical phase separation. Both normal and reverse modes of photocontrolled switching of transmittance through crossed...

The aim of the study was to examine the influence of riboflavin photochemical method on the inactivation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and the functions of red blood cells. Twenty patients suffering viral hepatitis B were selected in this study, and venous blood was collected and final concentration of 1,500 µmol/l riboflavin were added, to accept the λ=400-500 nm. The light intensity of 40,000 lu...

Cryptochromes are photolyase-like blue light receptors that are conserved in plants and animals. Although the light-dependent catalytic mechanism of photolyase is well studied, the photochemical mechanism of cryptochromes remains largely unknown. Lack of an appropriate protein expression system to obtain photochemically active cryptochrome holoproteins is a technical obstacle for the study of p...

Radical depolymerisation is the method of choice for the depolymerisation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), especially when enzymatic depolymerisation cannot be performed due to the lack of suitable enzymes. The established Fenton type free radical depolymerisation generates radicals from a solution of H2O2 in the presence of Cu(2+) or Fe(2+). When applied to dermatan sulfate (DS), the Fenton type ...

Five-year data of SO2, PM10, NO, NO2, O3 and CO levels recorded at two air pollution monitoring stations in the city of Salamanca were analysed using a HJ-Biplot Simultaneous Representation analysis method in order to determine the possible relationships among the different pollutants and to gain insight into the temporal evolution of pollution in this city. Use of this statistical method prove...

To develop sound air quality plans, regional authorities should have instruments that link the complex behaviour of pollutants both in time and space with costs of emission reduction. The problem is particularly important for ground level ozone which forms kilometres away, hours later from the emission of its precursors. To approach this problem, a method (1) to identify local pollutant-precurs...

bacteriorhodopsin (br) is a retinal protein that is a light-driven proton pump and has an important role in photosynthesis in archaebacterium halobacterium salinarum. the br molecule absorbs light and photochemical changes occur in it, and different intermediates will be produced in its photochemical cycle that some of them like p and q intermediates have a long half-life. there have been many ...