Related Articles Efficient spectral broadening of supercontinuum in photonic crystal fiber with self-phase modulation induced by femtosecond laser pulse Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 191110 (2012) Intermodal four-wave mixing in a higher-order-mode fiber Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 161106 (2012) Absolute calibration method for nanosecond-resolved, time-streaked, fiber optic light collection, spectroscopy sy...

In the present work, a new vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) structure employing combined oxide layer and single defect photonic crystal index guiding layer has been investigated for L-band optical fiber application. The basic design goal was to obtain photonic crystal VCSEL (PhC VCSEL) with the high power, high slop efficiency and low threshold that operate at 1.55-1.6μm wavelengt...

We demonstrate that a high-numerical-aperture photonic crystal fiber allows lensless focusing at an unparalleled resolution by complex wavefront shaping. This paves the way toward high-resolution imaging exceeding the capabilities of imaging with multi-core single-mode optical fibers. We analyze the beam waist and power in the focal spot on the fiber output using different types of fibers and d...

Polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber couplers (PM-PCFCs) were fabricated using a CO2 laser irradiation technique. We could control the states of air holes in the tapered region of couplers by adjusting the laser power density in the fusion and the elongation processes. It was demonstrated that the air hole remaining PM-PCFC exhibited polarization-splitting characteristics and that th...

The velocity of a liquid flowing through the core of a hollow core photonic crystal fiber (driven by capillary forces) is used for the determination of a liquid's viscosity, using volumes of less than 10 nl. The simple optical technique used is based on the change in propagation characteristics of the fiber as it fills with the liquid of interest via capillary action, monitored by a laser sourc...

Abstract: Based on a recent formulation of the V –parameter of a photonic crystal fiber we provide numerically based empirical expressions for this quantity only dependent on the two structural parameters — the air hole diameter and the hole-to-hole center spacing. Based on the unique relation between the V –parameter and the equivalent mode field radius we identify how the parameter space for ...

The confinement of light within a hollow core (a large air hole) in a silica-air photonic crystal fiber is demonstrated. Only certain wavelength bands are confined and guided down the fiber, each band corresponding to the presence of a full two-dimensional band gap in the photonic crystal cladding. Single-mode vacuum waveguides have a multitude of potential applications from ultrahigh-power tra...

A technique is demonstrated which efficiently transfers light between a tapered standard single-mode optical fiber and a high-Q, ultra-small mode volume, silicon photonic crystal resonant cavity. Cavity mode quality factors of 4.7x10(4) are measured, and a total fiber-to-cavity coupling efficiency of 44% is demonstrated. Using this efficient cavity input and output channel, the steady-state non...

We report on the spectral broadening of ~1 μJ 30 fs pulses propagating in an Ar-filled hollow-core photonic crystal fiber. In contrast with supercontinuum generation in a solid-core photonic crystal fiber, the absence of Raman and unique pressure-controlled dispersion results in efficient emission of dispersive waves in the deep-UV region. The UV light emerges in the single-lobed fundamental mo...

Fiber lasers are rapidly gaining market shares for industrial applications due to compactness, high electrical-to-optical efficiency, high beam quality and low running cost. However, for directed energy weapons, fiber lasers have until now been unable to meet the requirements of military, where power levels around 100 kW are aimed for through combining of multiple, high beam quality lasers. The...