shahanshāhnāma is one of the historical epic poems composed by ahmad tabrizi at the end of the ilkhanids’ reign. at the time, the poet was not able to openly criticize the mongols. at times, one may even think that he is praising them. on the contrary, in the hidden layers of his composition, the poet tries to show his criticism by using rhetorical and linguistic tools and praising iran and ira...

This paper is a report on an analysis of the English preposition like. I investigated the 101,096 occurrences of this preposition in the British National Corpus (BNC). What is its normal role and function? It seems that like has a central role to play in cognition, more powerful than metaphor and going far beyond mere comparison of similarities. It is a truism that like introduces similes (e.g....

Language provides a wealth of stock images and formulaic expressions to speakers who wish to describe a topic in figurative terms. Speakers can also craft their own similes and metaphors, and frequently do, but their most creative efforts run the risk of being misunderstood. Ironic comparisons, in particular, can mistakenly impart the very opposite of what a speaker intends, by virtue of superf...

I. ABSTRACT This is a fifth grade Language Arts unit on poetry covering the Core Knowledge Sequence Language Arts strand. The unit begins with a review on poetry from fourth grade. Students should have a feel for poetry from the pleasure of reading it. They should have the understanding of the elements of rhyme, rhythm, line, and stanza. This unit is a more in depth study into poetry that cover...

These phrases reflect a mapping from time to space. • Conceptual metaphors are internalized as “integration networks” that project concepts and relationships from one domain to another [6] • Metaphors and their integration networks can become culturally ingrained, transmitted between generations through beliefs, stories, fables, writings, etc. • Unidirectionality: we tend to apply concrete meta...