The use of X-ray radioscopy for in-situ studies of metal foam formation and evolution is reviewed. Selected results demonstrate the power of X-ray radioscopy as diagnostic tool for metal foaming. Qualitative analyses of foam nucleation and evolution, drainage development, issues of thermal contact, mold filling, cell wall rupture and more are given. Additionally, quantitative analyses based on ...

This paper reviews the problem of foaming associated with the activated sludge process and its control using various physical, chemical and biological methods. Activated sludge process is widely used for treatment of every type of wastewater like industrial, domestic and municipal wastewater. This process is driven by a complex microbial population, among which some mycolic acid containing bact...

To understand the enzymatic degradation behavior of crosslinked polylactide (PLA), the preparation and enzymatic degradation of both thermoplastic (linear) and crosslinked PLAs that have pore structures with different dimensions were carried out. The porous structures of the linear PLA samples were of micro and nanoporous nature, and prepared by batch foaming with supercritical CO2 and compared...

Foaming can be a serious problem in the process industry. For packed columns foaming is often reported for treatments of sour gases with alkaline solutions (e.g. amine scrubbing), but also for distillation and extractive distillation. Existing hydrodynamic prediction methods for pressure drop and flood points, but also for mass transfer efficiencies, do not consider foaminess. To build an exper...

The viscosity is of high significance for the dynamic evolution slag foaming in metallurgical processes. Through physical modelling, evolutions with different viscosities were analyzed by characterizing foam structure. Furthermore, effects on characteristic parameters investigated. experimental results indicated that types evolved along Partial Foaming I → Entire II increasing superficial gas v...

A novel foaming process-chemical foaming process (CFP)-using foaming agents to fabricate wafer-level micro glass cavities including channels and bubbles was investigated. The process consists of the following steps sequentially: (1) shallow cavities were fabricated by a wet etching on a silicon wafer; (2) powders of a proper foaming agent were placed in a silicon cavity, named 'mother cavity', ...