Studies of incapacitation and lethality in laboratory animals and human fire victims, resulting from exposure to thermal decompqsition products from many materials, indicate two main mechanisms of toxicity, narcosis (asphyxia) and irritancy. Narcotic effects are caused by the common asphyiant gases, CO, HCN, low 02' and CO2 and can be predicted to a reasonable degree with existing knowledge. Ir...

In this article, the plate reverberation unit is studied. This effect unit has been intensively used in recording studios since the late 50's. From a mechanics point of view, this plate can be modeled by means of the Kirchhoff equations of motion of a thin linear plate. This basic model allows us to understand the common points and differences between the natural acoustic reverberation and the ...

Research is being done to study the details and progress of soil erosion on levees and dams, including the formation and progression of rills and gullies on the slopes, and eventually to final breaching. These detailed observations of erosion differ from the typical predictions of only the maximum erosion or scour depths, for example around submerged bridge piers. Computer simulations and geote...

A mathematical physical model for dynamic simulation of flow and temperature in district heating networks (DHN) is proposed. The network structure is described by means of a graph-theoretical approach where the network elements are pipe sections, consumers and heat sources. The governing equations for hydraulic flows and heat distribution through pipe networks are presented. In addition, proper...

A physical modelling music synthesis system known as ‘Cymatic’ is described that enables ‘virtual instruments’ to be controlled in real-time via a force-feedback joystick and a force-feedback mouse. These serve to provide the user with gestural controllers whilst in addition giving tactile feedback to the user. Cymatic virtual instruments are set up via a graphical user interface in a manner th...

sudden pipe expansions have been known as efficient hydraulic energy dissipaters for a long time. the complex phenomenon of flow separation and velocity discontinuity at the interface of incoming jet and the recirculation flow, results in intensive shear and tensile rupture of the fluid and the associated destructive phenomenon of cavitation. this paper focuses on aeration in sudden pipe expans...