DURING the past decade a great deal of attention has been devoted to the development and application of one or more vectorcardiographic lead systems possessing certain highly desirable physical characteristics. The overriding design consideration has been that the lead system provide a truly Cartesian frame of reference for the display of cardiac vectors. Achievement of this goal requires that ...

Conventional studies of biomolecular behaviors rely largely on the construction of kinetic schemes. Since the selection of these networks is not unique, a concern is raised whether and under which conditions hierarchical schemes can reveal the same experimentally measured fluctuating behaviors and unique fluctuation related physical properties. To clarify these questions, we introduce stochasti...

Introduction Conclusions References

Consider the situation where two individuals observe the same chaotic physical process but through time series of different measured variables (e.g., one individual measures a temperature and the other measures a voltage). If the two individuals now use their data to reconstruct (e.g., via delay coordinates) a map, the maps they obtain may appear quite different. In the case where the resulting...

Forest fires are one of the major threats to natural and human built environments and have shown a tendency to increase in recent years. They are the result of several combined natural and social factors making their study and management particularly difficult and requiring the intervention of several scientific fields. One of the major issues of forest fires is associated with the combustion a...

We demonstrate that optical heterodyne imaging directly measures smoothed Wigner phase space distributions. This method may be broadly applicable to fundamental studies of light propagation and tomographic imaging. Basic physical properties of Wigner distributions are illustrated by experimental measurements.

According to a recently developed theory of wave propagation in marine sediments, the dispersion relationships for the phase speed and attenuation of the compressional and the shear wave depend on only three macroscopic physical variables: porosity, grain size, and depth in the sediment. The dispersion relations also involve three (real) parameters, assigned fixed values, representing microscop...

An understanding of the photochemical and photo-physical processes, which occur during photo-polymerization, is of extreme importance when attempting to improve a photopolymer material’s performance for a given application. Recent work carried out on the modeling of photopolymers duringand post-exposure, has led to the development of a tool, which can be used to predict the behavior of a number...

Explicit expressions are given for the relative variance of the output screen of X-ray image intensifiers, and for detection quantum efficiency as a function of the technical features of the intensifier. The analysis takes into account all conversion stages and physical processes inside the image intensifier and includes a special treatment of scintillation. The results are analysed numerically...