Introduction: Analyzing the health risk associated with the microbial contamination of seawater is necessary to ensure that there is not any threat to human or environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the microbiological quality of Caspian sea water using indicator bacteria. Some Physicochemical parameters were studied to assed their association with the contamination level of Caspian...

The shrinking water supply together with our continuously increasing demand for this resource has stimulated a renewed interest in reverse osmosis (RO) as a water treatment unit process. A wider use of RO membranes, however, is impeded by a group of phenomena that lead to permeate flux decline, deterioration of permeate water quality, shortening of membrane life, and thus to a substantial incre...

Enquiry service online at www.ptemagazine.com I 1 Oral absorption efficiency can be influenced by several factors, acting independently or in concert. These include the physicochemical properties of the administered agent, human physiology, pathology (including disease state), the way the drug is presented (formulated) and possibly the amount that is administered (dose). Other influences includ...

Because of its outstanding thermochromic characteristics and metal-insulator transition (MIT) property, nano-vanadium dioxide (abbreviated as nano-VO2 or nVO2) has been applied widely in electrical/optical devices and design of intelligent window. However, the biological effect of nVO2 is not well understood, especially when affected by environmental factors or living organisms. For VO2 is an a...

As indicated by its title, the book ‘Chemistry for Environmental Scientists’ aims at covering a very broad field of knowledge. After a short and general introduction, it is divided in four chapters, namely ‘Chemistry under environmental conditions’, ‘Fundamentals of physical chemistry’, ‘Chemistry of the elements and its [sic] compounds in the environment’ and ‘Chemical processes in the environ...

Bernd Zimmermann,1 Kristina Chadova,2 Diemo Ködderitzsch,2 Stefan Blügel,1 Hubert Ebert,2 Dmitry V. Fedorov,3,4 Nguyen H. Long,1 Phivos Mavropoulos,1 Ingrid Mertig,3,4 Yuriy Mokrousov,1,* and Martin Gradhand5,† 1Peter Grünberg Institut and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich and JARA, Germany 2Department of Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians University Mun...

The cutting, lay-up and bagging of out-of-autoclave (OOA) prepregs for composite part fabrication can take from several days to weeks, depending on the desired part size. This period of ambient temperature “out-time” induces resin polymerization/cross-linking, and affects critical physicochemical phenomena such as minimum viscosity, gelation, and vitrification. Therefore, the capability to moni...

During composting, the composition of microbial communities is subject to constant change owing to interactions with fluctuating physicochemical parameters. This study explored the changes in bacterial and fungal communities during cattle farm waste composting and aimed to identify and prioritize the contributing physicochemical factors. Microbial community compositions were determined by high-...