Quantitative assessments of the relative effects on health of various aspects of water supply are virtually absent from the literature. Despite the lack of information, resources are being allocated throughout the developing world, for projects related to water and sanitation. The present study was designed specifically to overcome many of the methodological problems that other researchers have...

Illegal treatment of a person or group (either intentional or unintentional) on the basis of race, color, national origin, religion, sex, gender, gender expression, gender identity, physical or mental disability, medical condition (cancer-related or genetic characteristics), genetic information (including family medical history), ancestry, marital status, age (over 40), sexual orientation, citi...

Illegal treatment of a person or group (either intentional or unintentional) on the basis of race, color, national origin, religion, sex, gender, gender expression, gender identity, physical or mental disability, medical condition (cancer-related or genetic characteristics), genetic information (including family medical history), ancestry, marital status, age (over 40), sexual orientation, citi...

Social status has been associated with health consequences, although the mechanisms by which status affects health are relatively unknown. At the physiological level, many studies have investigated the potential relationship between social behaviour/rank and physiological stress, with a particular focus on glucocorticoid (GC) production. GCs are of interest because of their experimentally estab...

Illegal treatment of a person or group (either intentional or unintentional) on the basis of race, color, national origin, religion, sex, gender, gender expression, gender identity, physical or mental disability, medical condition (cancer-related or genetic characteristics), genetic information (including family medical history), ancestry, marital status, age (over 40), sexual orientation, citi...

The isotopic niche has become an established concept in trophic ecology. However, the assumptions behind this approach have rarely been evaluated. Evidence is accumulating that physiological stress can affect both magnitude and inter-individual variability of the isotopic signature in consumers via alterations in metabolic pathways. We hypothesized that stress factors (inadequate nutrition, par...

This review examined haematological parameters as indicators of the physiological status of farm animals. Blood is important and reliable medium for assessing the physiological and health status of farm animals and haematology is the study of the morphology and physiology of blood. Haematological parameters are those parameters that are related to the blood and blood forming organs. Haematologi...

INTRODUCTION Evaluation of optical media is important in ophthalmic practice. OBJECTIVE to design and tryout an electro-physiological device in order to assess the transparency of the vitreous. MATERIALS AND METHODS A media-meter was designed where a light sensitive sensor was placed on the cornea and adjoining sclera during the process of trans-illumination. The trans-corneal (TC) and tran...

In group-living vertebrates, reliable social allies play a decisive role in dealing with stressors. For example, support by social allies is known to dampen glucocorticoid responses. It remains unknown, however, how social embedding affects the sympatho-adrenergic axis as indicated by heart rate (HR) in non-human animals. We studied the relationships between HR, pair-bond status and distance fr...